verb
peirazamō
Greekπειράζω (peirazō)
Strong’sG3985
I try, tempt, test
stem peiraz-39 times in the New Testamentin 12 of 27 books21 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
πειράζω, poët. and late prose form of πειράω, q.v.,
[in LXX for נסה pi.;]
SYN.: δοκιμάζω, q.v.
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3985 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpi-rad'-zo
to test (objectively), i.e. endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline
Fromfrom G3984;
King Jamesassay, examine, go about, prove, tempt(-er), try.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| peirazatōπειράζει | happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular | tempt | 1× |
| peirazavōπειράζετε | happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural | testing | 3× |
| peirazimōπειράζομαι | happening now · Ipresent passive indicative 1st person singular | tempted | 1× |
| peirazitōπειράζεται | happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular | tempted | 1× |
| peirazateἐπείραζεν | was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular | tried | 1× |
| peirazaleἐπείραζον | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | tried | 1× |
| peirazasaἐπείρασας | happened · youaorist active indicative 2nd person singular | tested | 1× |
| peirazataἐπείρασεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | tried | 2× |
| peirazalaἐπείρασαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | did | 2× |
| peirazateiōπειράζῃ | happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular | tempt | 1× |
| peiraziseiaπειρασθῇς | happened · youaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person singular | tempted | 1× |
| peiraziveiaπειρασθῆτε | happened · yeaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person plural | tested | 1× |
| peirazavōrπειράζετε | happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural | examine | 1× |
| peirazaraπειράσαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | test | 2× |
| peiraziraπειρασθῆναι | happened · the “to …” formaorist passive infinitive | tempted | 2× |
| peirazarōtosπειράζων | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | test | 4× |
| peirazarōtoisπειράζοντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | test | 7× |
| peirazirōtosπειραζόμενος | happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine | tempted | 4× |
| peirazirōtoiπειραζομένοις | happening now · to, forpresent passive participle dative plural masculine | tempted | 1× |
| peiraziratosπειρασθείς | happened · subjectaorist passive participle nominative singular masculine | tempted | 1× |
| peirazirētonπεπειρασμένον | has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular masculine | tempted | 1× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 13 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazamō | peirazame | peirazami | peirazama | peirazamē | peirazamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | peirazasō | peirazase | peirazasi | peirazasa1×ἐπείρασας | peirazasē | peirazaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazatō1×πειράζει | peirazate1×ἐπείραζεν | peirazati | peirazata2×ἐπείρασεν | peirazatē | peirazatelē |
| we 1st person plural | peirazanō | peirazane | peirazani | peirazana | peirazanē | peirazanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazavō3×πειράζετε | peirazave | peirazavi | peirazava | peirazavē | peirazavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazalō | peirazale1×ἐπείραζον | peirazali | peirazala2×ἐπείρασαν | peirazalē | peirazalelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazimō1×πειράζομαι | peirazime | peirazimi | peirazima | peirazimē | peirazimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | peirazisō | peirazise | peirazisi | peirazisa | peirazisē | peiraziselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazitō1×πειράζεται | peirazite | peiraziti | peirazita | peirazitē | peirazitelē |
| we 1st person plural | peirazinō | peirazine | peirazini | peirazina | peirazinē | peirazinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazivō | peirazive | peirazivi | peiraziva | peirazivē | peirazivelē |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazilō | peirazile | peirazili | peirazila | peirazilē | peirazilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 3 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazameiō | peirazameia | peirazameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | peirazaseiō | peirazaseia | peirazaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazateiō1×πειράζῃ | peirazateia | peirazateiē |
| we 1st person plural | peirazaneiō | peirazaneia | peirazaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazaveiō | peirazaveia | peirazaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazaleiō | peirazaleia | peirazaleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazimeiō | peirazimeia | peirazimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | peiraziseiō | peiraziseia1×πειρασθῇς | peiraziseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peiraziteiō | peiraziteia | peiraziteiē |
| we 1st person plural | peirazineiō | peirazineia | peirazineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | peiraziveiō | peiraziveia1×πειρασθῆτε | peiraziveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazileiō | peirazileia | peirazileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | peirazasōr | peirazasar | peirazasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazatōr | peirazatar | peirazatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazavōr1×πειράζετε | peirazavar | peirazavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazalōr | peirazalar | peirazalēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | peirazisōr | peirazisar | peirazisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazitōr | peirazitar | peirazitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazivōr | peirazivar | peirazivēr |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazilōr | peirazilar | peirazilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazamoiō | peirazamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | peirazasoiō | peirazasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazatoiō | peirazatoia |
| we 1st person plural | peirazanoiō | peirazanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazavoiō | peirazavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | peirazaloiō | peirazaloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | peirazimoiō | peirazimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | peirazisoiō | peirazisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | peirazitoiō | peirazitoia |
| we 1st person plural | peirazinoiō | peirazinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | peirazivoiō | peirazivoia |
| they 3rd person plural | peiraziloiō | peiraziloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 4 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peirazarō | peirazari | peirazara2×πειράσαι | peirazarē |
| acted on passive voice | peirazirō | peiraziri | peirazira2×πειρασθῆναι | peirazirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 18 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | peirazarōtos11×πειράζων | peirazaritos | peirazaratos | peirazarētos |
| acted on passive voice | peirazirōtos5×πειραζόμενος | peiraziritos | peiraziratos1×πειρασθείς | peirazirētos1× |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
peiraz is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
39 occurrences, every one of them listed
peirazatō“tempt”happening now · he/she/itpresent active indicative 3rd person singular1×
James 1:13“tempt”mēdenos peirazirōtos legatōr hoti Apo theou peirazimō; tos gar theos apeirastos atō kakeiu, peirazatō de autos oudenon.When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He tempt anyone.
peirazavō“testing”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural3×
Matthew 22:18“testing”gnōskaratos de tos Iēsus tan ponērian autoiu legata; Tinem min peirazavō, hupokritoir?But Jesus knew their evil intent and said, “You hypocrites, why are you testing Me?
Mark 12:15“testing”tos de horarētos autoiu tan hupokrisian legata autoi; Tinem min peirazavō? feravōr mi dēnariem hina horameia.But Jesus saw through their hypocrisy and said, “Why are you testing Me? Bring Me a denarius to inspect.”
Acts 15:10“putting … tothe test”nun oun tinem peirazavō ton theon, epitithara zugon epi ton trachēlon toiu mathētoiu hon oute tois patērois nu oute nis ischuana bastazara?Now then, why do you test God by placing on the necks of the disciples a yoke that neither we nor our fathers have been able to bear?
peirazimō“tempted”happening now · Ipresent passive indicative 1st person singular1×
James 1:13“tempted”mēdenos peirazirōtos legatōr hoti Apo theou peirazimō; tos gar theos apeirastos atō kakeiu, peirazatō de autos oudenon.When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He tempt anyone.
peirazitō“tempted”happening now · he/she/itpresent passive indicative 3rd person singular1×
James 1:14“tempted”hekastos de peirazitō hupo tau idiau epithumiau exelkirōtos kai deleazirōtos;But each one is tempted when by his own evil desires he is lured away and enticed.
peirazate“tried”was happening · he/she/itimperfect active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Acts 9:26“tried”Paragineratos de eis Ierousalēm peirazate kollirō toi mathētoi; kai pantois fobele auton, mē pisteuarōtois hoti atō mathētos.When Saul arrived in Jerusalem, he tried to join the disciples, but they were all afraid of him, not believing that he was a disciple.
peirazale“tried”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Acts 16:7“tried”ercharatois de kata tan Musian peirazale eis tan Bithunian poreuira kai ouk easata autoin tem pneumem Iēsu;And when they came to the border of Mysia, they tried to enter Bithynia, but the Spirit of Jesus would not permit them.
peirazasa“tested”happened · youaorist active indicative 2nd person singular1×
Revelation 2:2“tested”Oidamē teim ergeim su, kai ton kopon kai tan hupomonan su, kai hoti ouk dunesō bastazara kakoin, kai peirazasa toin legarōtoin heautoin apostoloin, kai ouk alō, kai heuriskasa autoin pseudoin;I know your deeds, your labor, and your perseverance. I know that you cannot tolerate those who are evil, and you have tested and exposed as liars those who falsely claim to be apostles.
peirazata“tried”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular2×
Acts 24:6“tried”hos kai tem hierem peirazata bebēlara, hon kai kratana,and he even tried to desecrate the temple; so we seized him.
1 Thessalonians 3:5“tempted”dia houtem kamis mēketi stegarōtos pempama eis tem gnōskara tan pistian vu, mē pōs peirazata vin tos peirazarōtos kai eis kenem gineteia tos kopos nu.For this reason, when I could bear it no longer, I sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter had somehow tempted you and that our labor might have been in vain.
peirazala“did”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural2×
1 Corinthians 10:9“did”mēde ekpeirazaneiō ton Christon, kathōs tinois autoiu peirazala, kai hupo toiu ofioiu apolluile.We should not test Christ, as some of them did, and were killed by snakes.
Hebrews 3:9“tested”hou peirazala tois patērois vu en dokimasia kai horala teim ergeim muwhere your fathers tested and tried Me, and for forty years saw My works.
peirazateiō“tempt”happening now · he/she/itpresent active subjunctive 3rd person singular1×
1 Corinthians 7:5“tempt”mē aposteravōr allēloin, ei mēti an ek sumfōneu pros kairon hina scholazaveia ta proseucha kai palin epi tem autem aveiō, hina mē peirazateiō vin tos Satanaos dia tan akrasian vu.Do not deprive each other, except by mutual consent and for a time, so you may devote yourselves to prayer. Then come together again, so that Satan will not tempt you through your lack of self-control.
peiraziseia“tempted”happened · youaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person singular1×
Galatians 6:1“tempted”Adelfoir, ean kai prolambiteia anthrōpos en tine paraptōme, vis tois pneumatikois katartizavōr ton toiouton en pneume prautau, skoparōtos siauton, mē kai sis peiraziseia.Brothers, if someone is caught in a trespass, you who are spiritual should restore him with a spirit of gentleness. But watch yourself, or you also may be tempted.
peiraziveia“tested”happened · yeaorist passive subjunctive 2nd person plural1×
Revelation 2:10“tested”mēdenem fobesōr heim mellasō pascharō. idou mellatō ballarō tos diabolos ek vu eis fulakan hina peiraziveia, kai echavi thlipsian hēmeraiu deka. ginesōr pistos achri thanatou, kai dōami si ton stefanon tau zōau.Do not fear what you are about to suffer. Behold, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison to test you, and you will suffer tribulation for ten days. Be faithful even unto death, and I will give you the crown of life.
peirazavōr“examine”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural1×
2 Corinthians 13:5“examine”Heautoin peirazavōr ei avō en ta pistia, heautoin dokimazavōr; ē ouk epignōskavō heautoin hoti Iēsus Christos en vi? ei mēti adokimois avō.Examine yourselves to see whether you are in the faith; test yourselves. Do you not realize that Jesus Christ is in you — unless you fail the test?
peirazara“test”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive2×
Acts 5:9“test”tos de Petros pros autan; Tinem hoti sumfōnita vi peirazara tem pneumem kuriou? idou tois podois toiu thaptaratoiu ton anēron su epi ta thura kai ekferali sin.“How could you agree to test the Spirit of the Lord?” Peter replied. “Look, the feet of the men who buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out also.”
Revelation 3:10“test”hoti tērasa ton logon tau hupomonau mu, kamis sin tērami ek tau hōrau tou peirasmou tau mellarōtau ercherō epi tau oikoumenau holau, peirazara toin katoikarōtoin epi tau gēau.Because you have kept My command to persevere, I will also keep you from the hour of testing that is about to come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth.
peirazira“tempted”happened · the “to …” formaorist passive infinitive2×
Matthew 4:1“tempted”Tote tos Iēsus anagita eis tan erēman hupo teu pneumeu, peirazira hupo tou diabolou.Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.
1 Corinthians 10:13“tempted”peirasmos vin ouk lambatē ei mē anthrōpinos; pistos de tos theos, hos ouk easati vin peirazira huper hem dunevō, alla poiati sun to peirasmo kai tan ekbasian teu dunerō hupoferara.No temptation has seized you except what is common to man. And God is faithful; He will not let you be tempted beyond what you can bear. But when you are tempted, He will also provide an escape, so that you can stand up under it.
peirazarōtos“test”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine4×
Matthew 4:3“tempter”kai prosercharatos tos peirazarōtos legata auto; Ei huios asō tou theou, legasar hina tois lithois houtois artois gineleia.The tempter came to Him and said, “If You are the Son of God, tell these stones to become bread.”
Matthew 22:35“test”kai eperōtata henos ek autoiu nomikos peirazarōtos auton;One of them, an expert in the law, tested Him with a question:
John 6:6“test”houtem de legate peirazarōtos auton, autos gar oidatelē tinem mellate poiarō.But He was asking this to test him, for He knew what He was about to do.
1 Thessalonians 3:5“tempter”dia houtem kamis mēketi stegarōtos pempama eis tem gnōskara tan pistian vu, mē pōs peirazata vin tos peirazarōtos kai eis kenem gineteia tos kopos nu.For this reason, when I could bear it no longer, I sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter had somehow tempted you and that our labor might have been in vain.
peirazarōtois“test”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine7×
Matthew 16:1“test”Kai prosercharatois tois Farisaiois kai Saddoukaiois peirazarōtois eperōtala auton sēmem ek tou ouranou epideiknuara autoi.Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came and tested Jesus by asking Him to show them a sign from heaven.
Matthew 19:3“test”Kai proserchala auto Farisaiois peirazarōtois auton kai legarōtois; Ei exestinatō anthrōpo apoluara tan gunaikan autou kata pantan aitian?Then some Pharisees came and tested Him by asking, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason?”
Mark 8:11“test”Kai exerchala tois Farisaiois kai archela suzētarō auto, zētarōtois para autou sēmem apo tou ouranou, peirazarōtois auton.Then the Pharisees came and began to argue with Jesus, testing Him by demanding from Him a sign from heaven.
Mark 10:2“test”Kai eperōtale auton ei exestinatō anēro gunaikan apoluara, peirazarōtois auton.Some Pharisees came to test Him. “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?” they inquired.
Luke 11:16“test”heterois de peirazarōtois sēmem ek ouranou zētale para autou.And others tested Him by demanding a sign from heaven.
John 8:4legalō auto, peirazarōtois Didaskalor, houtas tas gunaikas katalambita epi autofōro moicheuirōtasand said, “Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery.
John 8:6“test”houtem de legale peirazarōtois auton, hina echaleiō katēgorarō autou. tos de Iēsus katō kuptaratos to daktulo grafate eis tan gēan. mē prospoierōtosThey said this to test Him, in order to have a basis for accusing Him. But Jesus bent down and began to write on the ground with His finger.
peirazirōtos“tempted”happening now · subjectpresent passive participle nominative singular masculine4×
Mark 1:13“tempted”kai ate en ta erēma tesserakonta hēmerain peirazirōtos hupo tou Satanaou, kai ate meta teiu thēreiu, kai tois angelois diakonale auto.and He was there for forty days, being tempted by Satan. He was with the wild animals, and the angels ministered to Him.
Luke 4:2“tempted”hēmerain tesserakonta peirazirōtos hupo tou diabolou. kai ouk esthiata oudenem en tai hēmerai ekeinai, kai suntelirataiu autaiu peinata.where for forty days He was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and when they had ended, He was hungry.
Hebrews 11:17“tested”Pistia prosferatē Abraam ton Isaak peirazirōtos, kai ton monogenon prosferate tos tain epangeliain anadecheratos,By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac on the altar. He who had received the promises was ready to offer his one and only son,
James 1:13“tempted”mēdenos peirazirōtos legatōr hoti Apo theou peirazimō; tos gar theos apeirastos atō kakeiu, peirazatō de autos oudenon.When tempted, no one should say, “God is tempting me.” For God cannot be tempted by evil, nor does He tempt anyone.
peirazirōtoi“tempted”happening now · to, forpresent passive participle dative plural masculine1×
Hebrews 2:18“tempted”en he gar paschatē autos peiraziratos, dunetō toi peirazirōtoi boēthara.Because He Himself suffered when He was tempted, He is able to help those who are being tempted.
peiraziratos“tempted”happened · subjectaorist passive participle nominative singular masculine1×
Hebrews 2:18“tempted”en he gar paschatē autos peiraziratos, dunetō toi peirazirōtoi boēthara.Because He Himself suffered when He was tempted, He is able to help those who are being tempted.
peirazirēton“tempted”has happened · objectperfect passive participle accusative singular masculine1×
Hebrews 4:15“tempted”ouk gar echanō archierevon mē dunerōton sumpathara tai astheniai nu, peirazirēton de kata panteim kata homoiotan chōris hamartau.For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are, yet was without sin.