adjective
ptōchos
Greekπτωχός (ptōchos)
Strong’sG4434
poor, destitute
stem ptōch-34 times in the New Testamentin 9 of 27 books9 of 26 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
πτωχός, -ή, -όν
(< πτώσσω, to crouch, cower), [in LXX for עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, etc.;]
SYN.: πένης, q.v.
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G4434 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidpto-khos'
akin to G4422 and the alternate of G4098); a beggar (as cringing), i.e. pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used in a qualified or relative sense; whereas G3993 properly means only straitened circumstances in private), literally (often as noun) or figuratively (distressed)
Fromfrom πτώσσω (to crouch);
King Jamesbeggar(-ly), poor.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Every form
| Job in the sentence case | masculine singular | feminine singular | neuter singular | masculine plural | feminine plural | neuter plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| subject nominative | ptōchos3×πτωχὸς | ptōchas3×πτωχὴ | ptōchem | ptōchois5×πτωχοὶ | ptōchais | ptōcheim1×πτωχὰ |
| object accusative | ptōchon2×πτωχὸν | ptōchan | ptōchoin8×πτωχοὺς | ptōchain | ||
| direct address vocative | ptōchor | ptōchar | ptōchoir | ptōchair | ||
| of, belonging to genitive | ptōchou | ptōchau | ptōcheu | ptōchoiu2×πτωχῶν | ptōchaiu | ptōcheiu |
| to, for dative | ptōcho1×πτωχῷ | ptōcha | ptōche | ptōchoi9×πτωχοῖς | ptōchai | ptōchei |
Tinted cells are forms the New Testament never uses, so there is no Greek to show against them — but they are still correct Biblang, built from the slots below like any other.
Why these forms, and no others — the slots that make them
ptōch is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
34 occurrences, every one of them listed
ptōchos“poor”subjectnominative singular3×
Luke 16:20“poor”ptōchos de tinos onome Lazaros ballitelē pros ton pulōnon autou helkirētosAnd a beggar named Lazarus lay at his gate, covered with sores
James 2:2“poor”ean gar eiserchateia eis sunagōgan vu anēros chrusodaktulios en estha lampra, eiserchateia de kai ptōchos en rupara estha,Suppose a man comes into your meeting wearing a gold ring and fine clothes, and a poor man in shabby clothes also comes in.
Revelation 3:17“poor”hoti legasō hoti Plousios amō kai ploutamē kai oudenem chreian echamō, kai ouk oidasē hoti sis asō tos talaipōros kai eleeinos kai ptōchos kai tuflos kai gumnos,You say, ‘I am rich; I have grown wealthy and need nothing.’ But you do not realize that you are wretched, pitiful, poor, blind, and naked.
ptōchon“poor”objectaccusative singular2×
Luke 16:22“poor”gineta de apothnēskara ton ptōchon kai apoferira auton hupo toiu angeloiu eis ton kolpon Abraam; apothnēskata de kai tos plousios kai thaptita.One day the beggar died and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s side. And the rich man also died and was buried.
James 2:6“poor”vis de atimazava ton ptōchon. ouk tois plousiois katadunasteualō vu, kai autois helkalō vin eis kritērieim?But you have dishonored the poor. Is it not the rich who oppress you and drag you into court?
ptōcho“poor”to, fordative singular1×
James 2:3“poor”epiblepaveia de epi ton forarōton tan esthan tan lampran kai legaveia; Sis kathesōr hōde kalōs, kai to ptōcho legaveia; Sis histanasar ē kathesōr ekei hupo tem hupopodiem mu,If you lavish attention on the man in fine clothes and say, “Here is a seat of honor,” but say to the poor man, “You must stand” or “Sit at my feet,”
ptōchas“poor”subjectnominative singular3×
Mark 12:42“poor”kai ercharatas henas chēras ptōchas ballata lepteim duo, hem atō kodrantos.Then one poor widow came and put in two small copper coins, which amounted to a small fraction of a denarius.
Mark 12:43“poor”kai proskaleratos toin mathētoin autou legata autoi; Amēn legamō vi hoti tas chēras houtas tas ptōchas polloterem pantoiu ballata toiu ballarōtoiu eis tem gazofulakiem;Jesus called His disciples to Him and said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more than all the others into the treasury.
Luke 21:3“poor”kai legata; Alēthōs legamō vi hoti tas chēras tas ptōchas houtas polloterem pantoiu ballata;“Truly I tell you,” He said, “this poor widow has put in more than all the others.
ptōchois“poor”subjectnominative plural5×
Matthew 5:3“poor”Makariois tois ptōchois te pneume, hoti autoiu atō tas basileias toiu ouranoiu.“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Matthew 11:5“poor”tuflois anablepalō kai chōlois peripatalō, leprois katharizilō kai kōfois akoualō, kai nekrois egeirilō kai ptōchois euangelizilō;The blind receive sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor.
Luke 6:20“poor”Kai autos epairaratos toin ofthalmoin autou eis toin mathētoin autou legate; Makariois tois ptōchois, hoti humeteras atō tas basileias tou theou.Looking up at His disciples, Jesus said: “Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God.
Luke 7:22“poor”kai apokriniratos legata autoi; Poreuiratois apangellavar Iōanno heim horava kai akouava; tuflois anablepalō, chōlois peripatalō, leprois katharizilō, kōfois akoualō, nekrois egeirilō, ptōchois euangelizilō;So He replied, “Go back and report to John what you have seen and heard: The blind receive sight, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, and the good news is preached to the poor.
2 Corinthians 6:10“poor”hōs lupirōtois aei de chairarōtois, hōs ptōchois polloin de ploutizarōtois, hōs mēdenem echarōtois kai panteim katecharōtois.sorrowful, yet always rejoicing; poor, yet making many rich; having nothing, and yet possessing everything.
ptōchoin“poor”objectaccusative plural8×
Matthew 26:11“poor”pantote gar toin ptōchoin echavō meta heautoiu, min de ouk pantote echavō;The poor you will always have with you, but you will not always have Me.
Mark 14:7“poor”pantote gar toin ptōchoin echavō meta heautoiu, kai hotan thelaveiō dunevō autoi euōs poiara, min de ouk pantote echavō;The poor you will always have with you, and you can help them whenever you want. But you will not always have Me.
Luke 14:13“poor”alla hotan dochan poiaseiō, kalasōr ptōchoin, anapēroin, chōloin, tufloin;But when you host a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind,
Luke 14:21“poor”kai paragineratos tos doulos apangellata to kurio autou houteim. tote orgiziratos tos oikodespotos legata to doulo autou; Exerchasar tacheōs eis tain plateiain kai rumain tau politau, kai toin ptōchoin kai anapēroin kai tufloin kai chōloin eisagasar hōde.The servant returned and reported all this to his master. Then the owner of the house became angry and said to his servant, ‘Go out quickly into the streets and alleys of the city, and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame.’
John 12:8“poor”toin ptōchoin gar pantote echavō meta heautoiu, min de ouk pantote echavō.The poor you will always have with you, but you will not always have Me.”
Romans 15:26“poor”eudokala gar Makedonias kai Achaias koinōnian tinan poiera eis toin ptōchoin toiu hagioiu toiu en Ierousalēm.For Macedonia and Achaia were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the saints in Jerusalem.
James 2:5“poor”akouavar, adelfoir mu agapētoir. ouk tos theos eklegeta toin ptōchoin to kosmo plousioin en pistia kai klēronomoin tau basileiau hau epangelleta toi agaparōtoi auton?Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him?
Revelation 13:16“poor”kai poiatō pantoin, toin mikroin kai toin megoin, kai toin plousioin kai toin ptōchoin, kai toin eleutheroin kai toin douloin, hina dōaleia autoi charagmem epi tau cheirau autoiu tau dexau ē epi tem metōpem autoiu,And the second beast required all people, small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their forehead,
ptōchoiu“poor”of, belonging togenitive plural2×
John 12:6“poor”legata de houtem ouk hoti peri toiu ptōchoiu meleiate auto, alla hoti kleptos ate kai tem glōssokomem echarōtos teim ballirōteim bastazate.Judas did not say this because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief. As keeper of the money bag, he used to take from what was put into it.
Galatians 2:10“poor”monem toiu ptōchoiu hina mnēmoneuaneiō, hem kai spoudazama autem houtem poiara.They only asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do.
ptōchoi“poor”to, fordative plural9×
Matthew 19:21“poor”fēate auto tos Iēsus; Ei thelasō teleios arō, hupagasōr pōlasar su teim huparcharōteim kai dōasar ptōchoi, kai echasi thēsauron en ouranoi, kai deuro akolouthasōr mi.Jesus told him, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”
Matthew 26:9“poor”dunete gar houtem pipraskira polleu kai dōira ptōchoi.This perfume could have been sold at a high price, and the money given to the poor.”
Mark 10:21“poor”tos de Iēsus embleparatos auto agapata auton kai legata auto; Henem sin husteratō; hupagasōr hoseim echasō pōlasar kai dōasar toi ptōchoi, kai echasi thēsauron en ourano, kai deuro akolouthasōr mi.Jesus looked at him, loved him, and said to him, “There is one thing you lack: Go, sell everything you own and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”
Mark 14:5“poor”dunete gar houtem tem murem pipraskira epanō dēnarieiu triakosioi kai dōira toi ptōchoi; kai embrimele auta.It could have been sold for over three hundred denarii and the money given to the poor.” And they scolded her.
Luke 4:18“poor”Pneumem kuriou epi min, heu heineken chriata min euangelizera ptōchoi, apostelatē min kērussara aichmalōtoi afesian kai tufloi anablepsian, apostelara thrauirētoin en afesia,“The Spirit of the Lord is on Me, because He has anointed Me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent Me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to release the oppressed,
Luke 18:22“poor”akouaratos de tos Iēsus legata auto; Ēti henem si leipatō; panteim hoseim echasō pōlasar kai diadōasar ptōchoi, kai echasi thēsauron en ouranoi, kai deuro akolouthasōr mi.On hearing this, Jesus told him, “You still lack one thing: Sell everything you own and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow Me.”
Luke 19:8“poor”histaniratos de Zakchaios legata pros ton kurion; Idou teim hēmisueim mu teiu huparcharōteiu, kurior, toi ptōchoi dōamō, kai ei tinou tinem sukofantama apodōamō tetraplouem.But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord, half of my possessions I give to the poor, and if I have cheated anyone, I will repay it fourfold.”
John 12:5“poor”Dia tinem houtem tem murem ouk pipraskita triakosioi dēnarieiu kai dōita ptōchoi?“Why wasn’t this perfume sold for three hundred denarii and the money given to the poor?”
John 13:29“poor”tinois gar dokale, epei tem glōssokomem echate Ioudaos, hoti legatō auto tos Iēsus; Agorazasar heiu chreian echanō eis tan heortan, ē toi ptōchoi hina tinem dōateia.Since Judas kept the money bag, some thought that Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the feast, or to give something to the poor.
ptōcheim“worthless”subject or objectdirect plural1×
Galatians 4:9“worthless”nun de gnōskaratois theon, mallon de gnōskiratois hupo theou, pōs epistrefavō palin epi teim astheneim kai ptōcheim stoicheieim, hei palin anōthen douleuarō thelavō?But now that you know God, or rather are known by God, how is it that you are turning back to those weak and worthless principles? Do you wish to be enslaved by them all over again?