Biblangbeta

preposition

Greekἔμπροσθεν (emprosthen)
Biblang

emprosthen

Strong’sG1715

in front, before the face

stem emprosthen-48 times in the New Testamentin 11 of 27 booksnever changes form

What it means

A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.

AI Summary

In front of, before — describing position in space, and by extension being in someone's presence, sight, or before a judge 1234. As a plain adverb it means in front, before, sometimes contrasted with behind 13. Used as a preposition, it can indicate a literal location in front of something or someone 13; being in someone's presence, including the sense of standing before someone to be judged or to acknowledge or deny something openly 1; being in someone's sight or view 1; and, in a few places, a person's standing or rank relative to another 1.

LSJ also records an older use for time, meaning before, formerly, with οἱ ἔμπροσθεν referring to earlier generations, and a use of degree, meaning preferred before something else — but neither of these is the sense found in the Bible 3.

Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.

The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:

Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full

ἔμ-προσθεν

adv.
of place (in cl. also of time),

[in LXX chiefly for עֳנִי;]

1. adverbially, before, in front: Lk 19:28; εἰς τὸ ἔ., Lk 19:4; opp. to ὄπισθεν, Re 4:6; opp. to τὰ ὀπίσω, τὰ ἔ., Phl 3:13.
2. As prep., before;
(b) in the presence of: Mt 27:11, Ga 2:14, I Th 1:3 2:19 3:9 3:13; ὁμολουεῖν, ἀρνεῖσθαι (Dalman, Words, 210), Mt 10:32, 33 26:70, Lk 12:8; in forensic sense, Mt 25:32 27:11, Lk 21:36, Ac 18:17, II Co 5:10, I Th 2:19, I Jn 3:19; εὐδοκία (θέλημά) ἐστι ἔ. θεοῦ (a targumic formula; Dalman, Words, 211), Mt 11:26 18:14, Lk 10:21;
(c) in the sight of: Mt 5:16 6:1 17:2 23:14, Mk 2:12 9:2, Lk 19:27, Jo 12:37, Ac 10:4;
(d) of rank and dignity (Dem., Plat., al.; LXX, Ge 48:20): Jo 1:15, 30.†

G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.

Strong’s G1715 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from

Saidem'-pros-then

in front of (in place (literally or figuratively) or time)

Fromfrom G1722 and G4314;

King Jamesagainst, at, before, (in presence, sight) of.

James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
ἔμπροσθ-εν,
sometimes also ἔμπροσθε Refs 8th c.BC+.
I adverb,
I.1 of Place, before, in front, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ and τὰ ἔ. the front, the foreside, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τὸ ἔ. forwards, Refs; στὰς ἐκ τοῦ ἔ. in front, opposite, Refs 5th c.BC+
I.2 of Time, before, of old, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἔ. Refs; οἱ ἔ. our ancestors, Refs 3rd c.BC+
II as preposition with genitive, before, in front of,
II.1 of Place, ἐ. αὐτῆς (i.e. τῆς νηός) Refs 5th c.BC+
II.2 of Time, ἔ. ταύτης (i.e. τῆς γνώμης) Refs; ἔ. εἶναι τῶν πραγμάτων to be beforehand with events, Refs 4th c.BC+
II.3 of Degree, ἔ. τοῦ δικαίου preferred before justice, Refs

H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.

Translated as

Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.

before29×in front of4×ahead of3×ahead2×at2×in … sight2×front1×in front1×in the presence of1×in … faces1×in … presence1×of1×

Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.

Where it appears

Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.

48 occurrences, every one of them listed

emprosthen48×

Matthew 5:16houtōs lampatar tem fōtem vu emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu, hopōs horaleia vu teim …… same way, let your light shine before men, that they may see your …

Matthew 5:24afiēkasar ekei tem dōrem su emprosthen teu thusiastērieu kai hupagasōr prōtem diallaxisar …leave your gift there before the altar. First go and be …

Matthew 6:1… de tan dikaiosunan vu mē poiarō emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu pros tem theasira autoi; …… not to perform your righteous acts before men to be seen by them …

Matthew 6:2Hotan oun poiaseiō eleēmosunan, mē salpizaseia emprosthen su, hōsper tois hupokritois poialō en …… needy, do not sound a trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in …

Matthew 7:6… kunoi, mēde balaveia toin margaritoin vu emprosthen toiu choiroiu, mēpote katapatali autoin en …… holy; do not throw your pearls before swine. If you do, they may …

Matthew 10:32Pantos oun hotinos homologati en mi emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu, homologami kamis en auto …Therefore everyone who confesses Me before men, I will also confess him …

Matthew 10:32… toiu anthrōpoiu, homologami kamis en auto emprosthen tou patrou mu tou en ouranoi;… men, I will also confess him before My Father in heaven.

Matthew 10:33hotinos de an arneteia min emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu, arnemi kamis auton emprosthen …But whoever denies Me before men, I will also deny him …

Matthew 10:33… emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu, arnemi kamis auton emprosthen tou patrou mu tou en ouranoi.… men, I will also deny him before My Father in heaven.

Matthew 11:10… su, hos kataskeuazati tan hodan su emprosthen su.… You, who will prepare Your way before You.’

Matthew 11:26… tos patror, hoti houtōs eudokias geneta emprosthen su.Yes, Father, for this was well-pleasing in Your sight.

Matthew 17:2kai metamorfita emprosthen autoiu, kai lampata tem prosōpem autou …There He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the …

Matthew 18:14houtōs ouk atō thelēmem emprosthen tou patrou vu tou en ouranoi …… heaven is not willing that any of these little ones should perish.

Matthew 23:13… hoti kleiavō tan basileian toiu ouranoiu emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu; vis gar ouk eiserchovō, …… You shut the kingdom of heaven in men’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor …

Matthew 25:32kai sunagili emprosthen autou panteim teim ethneim, kai aforizati …All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the …

Matthew 26:70tos de arneta emprosthen pantoiu legarōntos; Ouk oidamē tinem legasō.But he denied it before them all: “I do not know …

Matthew 27:11Tos de Iēsus stēita emprosthen tou hēgemonou; kai eperōtata auton tos …Meanwhile Jesus stood before the governor, who questioned Him: “Are …

Matthew 27:29… en ta dexa autou, kai gonupetarantois emprosthen autou empaizala auto legarōntois; Chairasōr, basilevor …… in His right hand, knelt down before Him, and mocked Him, saying, “Hail …

Mark 2:12… kai euthuos airarantos ton krabatton exerchata emprosthen pantoiu, hōste ekstēorō pantoin kai doxazarō …… up his mat, and walked out in front of them all. As a result, they …

Mark 9:2… hupsēlem kata idian monoin. kai metamorfita emprosthen autoiu,… by themselves. There He was transfigured before them.

Luke 5:19… sun te klinidie eis tem mesem emprosthen tou Iēsu.… the middle of the crowd, right in front of Jesus.

Luke 7:27… su, hos kataskeuazati tan hodan su emprosthen su.… You, who will prepare Your way before You.’

Luke 10:21… tos patror, hoti houtōs eudokias geneta emprosthen su.… Yes, Father, for this was well-pleasing in Your sight.

Luke 12:8… pantos hos an homologateia en mi emprosthen toiu anthrōpoiu, kai tos huios tou …… tell you, everyone who confesses Me before men, the Son of Man will …

Luke 12:8… huios tou anthrōpou homologati en auto emprosthen toiu angeloiu tou theou;… of Man will also confess him before the angels of God.

Luke 14:2“in front of”kai idou anthrōpos tinos ate hudrōpikos emprosthen autou.… there before Him was a man with dropsy.

Luke 19:27… autoin agavar hōde kai katasfazavar autoin emprosthen mu.… bring them here and slay them in front of me.’”

Luke 21:36… panteim teim mellarōnteim genorō, kai stēira emprosthen tou huiou tou anthrōpou.… about to happen and to stand before the Son of Man.”

John 1:15“before”… hon legama; Tos opisō mu erchorōntos emprosthen mu genatē, hoti prōtos mu ate;… He of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.’”

John 1:30“ahead of”… legama; Opisō mu erchotō andros hos emprosthen mu genatē, hoti prōtos mu ate;… whom I said, ‘A man who comes after me has surpassed me because He was before me.’

John 3:28… tos christos, alla hoti Apostelorēntos amō emprosthen ekeinou.… not the Christ, but am sent ahead of Him.’

John 10:4hotan teim idieim panteim ekbalateia, emprosthen auteiu poreuotō, kai teim probateim auto …… all his own, he goes on ahead of them, and his sheep follow him …

John 12:37“before”tosouteim de autou sēmeim poiarēntou emprosthen autoiu ouk pisteuale eis auton,… Jesus had performed so many signs in their presence, they still did not believe in Him.

Acts 10:4… tais eleēmosunais su anabainala eis mnēmosunem emprosthen tou theou;… have ascended as a memorial offering before God.

Acts 18:17… de pantois Sōsthenon ton archisunagōgon tuptale emprosthen teu bēmeu; kai oudenem houteiu to …… the synagogue leader and beat him in front of the judgment seat. But none of …

2 Corinthians 5:10toin gar pantoin nin fanerira datō emprosthen teu bēmeu tou Christou, hina komizeteia …For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that …

Galatians 2:14“before”… alētheian teu euangelieu, legama to Kēfo emprosthen pantoiu; Ei sis Ioudaios huparcharōntos ethnikōs …… with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas in front of them all, “If you, who are a Jew, live like a Gentile and not …

1 Thessalonians 1:3… elpidau tou kuriou nu Iēsu Christou emprosthen tou theou kai patrou nu,and continually recalling before our God and Father your work …

1 Thessalonians 2:19… stefanos kauchēsiau ē ouchi kai vis emprosthen tou kuriou nu Iēsu en ta …… if it is not you yourselves in the presence of our Lord Jesus at His coming?

1 Thessalonians 3:9“before”… ta chara ha chairanō dia vin emprosthen tou theou nu,… return for our great joy over you in His …

1 Thessalonians 3:13… vu tain kardiain amemptain en hagiōsuna emprosthen tou theou kai patrou nu en …… your hearts in blamelessness and holiness before our God and Father at the …

1 John 3:19“before”… hoti ek tau alētheiau anō, kai emprosthen autou peithani tan kardian nu… will know that we belong to the truth, and will assure our hearts in His …

Revelation 19:10kai piptama emprosthen toiu podoiu autou proskunara auto. kai …So I fell at his feet to worship him. But …

Revelation 22:8… hote akouama kai blepama, piptama proskunara emprosthen toiu podoiu tou angelou tou deikarōntou …… them, I fell down to worship at the feet of the angel who …

Luke 19:4“front”kai protrecharantos eis tem emprosthen anabainata epi sukomorean hina horateia auton, …So he ran on ahead and climbed a sycamore tree to see Him, since Jesus was about to pass that …

Luke 19:28Kai legarantos houteim poreuote emprosthen anabainarōntos eis Hierosolumeim.… had said this, He went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem.

Philippians 3:13… teim men opisō epilathorōntos tei de emprosthen epekteinorōntos,… behind and straining toward what is ahead,

Revelation 4:6… tou thronou tessares zōeim gemarōnteim ofthalmoiu emprosthen kai opisthen;… four living creatures, covered with eyes in front and back.