verb
hupostrefamō
Greekὑποστρέφω (hupostrefō)
Strong’sG5290
I turn back, return
stem hupostref-35 times in the New Testamentin 5 of 27 books13 forms occur
Translated as
What it means
ὑπο-στρέφω
[in LXX chiefly for שׁוּב],
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G5290 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| hupostrefaleὑπέστρεφον | was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural | returned | 2× |
| hupostrefamiὙποστρέψω | will happen · Ifuture active indicative 1st person singular | return | 1× |
| hupostrefamaὑπέστρεψα | happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular | returned | 1× |
| hupostrefataὑπέστρεψεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | returned | 6× |
| hupostrefalaὑπέστρεψαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | returned | 10× |
| hupostrefasōrὙπόστρεφε | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | return | 1× |
| hupostrefarōὑποστρέφειν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | return | 4× |
| hupostrefaraὑποστρέψαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | return | 2× |
| hupostrefarōtosὑποστρέφων | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | returning | 1× |
| hupostrefarōtoὑποστρέφοντι | happening now · to, forpresent active participle dative singular masculine | returning | 1× |
| hupostrefaratoὑποστρέψαντι | happened · to, foraorist active participle dative singular masculine | returned | 1× |
| hupostrefaratoisὑποστρέψαντες | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine | returned | 3× |
| hupostrefarataisὑποστρέψασαι | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural feminine | returned | 2× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 86, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 20 occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupostrefamō | hupostrefame | hupostrefami1×Ὑποστρέψω | hupostrefama1×ὑπέστρεψα | hupostrefamē | hupostrefamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | hupostrefasō | hupostrefase | hupostrefasi | hupostrefasa | hupostrefasē | hupostrefaselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupostrefatō | hupostrefate | hupostrefati | hupostrefata6×ὑπέστρεψεν | hupostrefatē | hupostrefatelē |
| we 1st person plural | hupostrefanō | hupostrefane | hupostrefani | hupostrefana | hupostrefanē | hupostrefanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupostrefavō | hupostrefave | hupostrefavi | hupostrefava | hupostrefavē | hupostrefavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | hupostrefalō | hupostrefale2×ὑπέστρεφον | hupostrefali | hupostrefala10×ὑπέστρεψαν | hupostrefalē | hupostrefalelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupostrefameiō | hupostrefameia | hupostrefameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | hupostrefaseiō | hupostrefaseia | hupostrefaseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupostrefateiō | hupostrefateia | hupostrefateiē |
| we 1st person plural | hupostrefaneiō | hupostrefaneia | hupostrefaneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupostrefaveiō | hupostrefaveia | hupostrefaveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | hupostrefaleiō | hupostrefaleia | hupostrefaleiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 1 occurrence
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | hupostrefasōr1×Ὑπόστρεφε | hupostrefasar | hupostrefasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupostrefatōr | hupostrefatar | hupostrefatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupostrefavōr | hupostrefavar | hupostrefavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | hupostrefalōr | hupostrefalar | hupostrefalēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | hupostrefamoiō | hupostrefamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | hupostrefasoiō | hupostrefasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | hupostrefatoiō | hupostrefatoia |
| we 1st person plural | hupostrefanoiō | hupostrefanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | hupostrefavoiō | hupostrefavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | hupostrefaloiō | hupostrefaloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 6 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | hupostrefarō4×ὑποστρέφειν | hupostrefari | hupostrefara2×ὑποστρέψαι | hupostrefarē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 8 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | hupostrefarōtos2×ὑποστρέφων | hupostrefaritos | hupostrefaratos6× | hupostrefarētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
hupostref is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
35 occurrences, every one of them listed
hupostrefale“returned”was happening · theyimperfect active indicative 3rd person plural2×
Luke 23:48“returned”kai pantois tois sumparagineratois ochlois epi tan theōrian houtan, theōraratois teim ginerateim, tuptarōtois teim stētheim hupostrefale.And when all the people who had gathered for this spectacle saw what had happened, they returned home beating their breasts.
Acts 8:25“returned”Tois men oun diamartureratois kai lalaratois ton logon tou kuriou hupostrefale eis Hierosolumeim, pollain tē kōmain toiu Samaritoiu euangelizele.And after Peter and John had testified and spoken the word of the Lord, they returned to Jerusalem, preaching the gospel in many of the Samaritan villages.
hupostrefami“return”will happen · Ifuture active indicative 1st person singular1×
Luke 11:24“return”Hotan tem akathartem pneumem exerchateia apo tou anthrōpou, dierchetō dia anudroiu topoiu zētarōtem anapausian, kai mē heuriskarōtem legatō; Hupostrefami eis ton oikon mu hothen exerchama;When an unclean spirit comes out of a man, it passes through arid places seeking rest and does not find it. Then it says, ‘I will return to the house I left.’
hupostrefama“returned”happened · Iaorist active indicative 1st person singular1×
Galatians 1:17“returned”oude anerchama eis Hierosolumeim pros toin pro mu apostoloin, alla aperchama eis Arabian, kai palin hupostrefama eis Damaskan.nor did I go up to Jerusalem to the apostles who came before me, but I went into Arabia and later returned to Damascus.
hupostrefata“returned”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular6×
Luke 1:56“returned”Menata de Mariam sun auta hōs mēnoin treis, kai hupostrefata eis ton oikon autau.Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then returned home.
Luke 4:1“returned”Iēsus de plēros pneumeu hagieu hupostrefata apo tou Iordanou, kai agite en te pneume en ta erēmaThen Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,
Luke 4:14“returned”Kai hupostrefata tos Iēsus en ta dunamia teu pneumeu eis tan Galilaian. kai fēmas exerchata kata holau tau perichōrau peri autou.Jesus returned to Galilee in the power of the Spirit, and the news about Him spread throughout the surrounding region.
Luke 8:37“returned”kai erōtata auton hapantem tem plēthem tau perichōrau toiu Gerasēnoiu aperchara apo autoiu, hoti fobo mego sunechile; autos de embainaratos eis ploiem hupostrefata.Then all the people of the region of the Gerasenes asked Jesus to depart from them, because great fear had taken hold of them. So He got into the boat and started back.
Luke 17:15“turned back”henos de ek autoiu, horaratos hoti iita, hupostrefata meta fōnau megau doxazarōtos ton theon,When one of them saw that he was healed, he came back, praising God in a loud voice.
Acts 13:13“returned”Anagiratois de apo tau Pafau tois peri Paulon erchala eis Pergan tau Pamfuliau; Iōannos de apochōraratos apo autoiu hupostrefata eis Hierosolumeim.After setting sail from Paphos, Paul and his companions came to Perga in Pamphylia, where John left them to return to Jerusalem.
hupostrefala“returned”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural10×
Luke 2:20“returned”kai hupostrefala tois poimēnois doxazarōtois kai ainarōtois ton theon epi pantei hei akouala kai horala kathōs lalita pros autoin.The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all they had heard and seen, which was just as the angel had told them.
Luke 2:45“returned”kai mē heuriskaratois hupostrefala eis Ierousalēm anazētarōtois auton.When they could not find Him, they returned to Jerusalem to search for Him.
Luke 10:17“returned”Hupostrefala de tois hebdomēkonta duo meta charau legarōtois; Kurior, kai teim daimoneim hupotassitō ni en te onome su.The seventy-two returned with joy and said, “Lord, even the demons submit to us in Your name.”
Luke 24:33“returned”kai anistanaratois auta ta hōra hupostrefala eis Ierousalēm, kai heuriskala athroizirētoin toin hendeka kai toin sun autoi,And they got up that very hour and returned to Jerusalem. There they found the Eleven and those with them, gathered together
Luke 24:52“returned”kai autois proskunaratois auton hupostrefala eis Ierousalēm meta charau megau,And they worshiped Him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy,
Acts 1:12“returned”Tote hupostrefala eis Ierousalēm apo oreu teu kalirōteu Elaiōnou, hem atō engus Ierousalēm sabbateu echarōtem hodan.Then they returned to Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, which is near the city, a Sabbath day’s journey away.
Acts 12:25“returned”Barnabaos de kai Saulos hupostrefala, eis Ierousalēm plēraratois tan diakonian, sumparalambaratois Iōannon ton epikaliraton Markon.When Barnabas and Saul had fulfilled their mission to Jerusalem, they returned, bringing with them John, also called Mark.
Acts 14:21“returned”Euangelizeratois tē tan politan ekeinan kai mathēteuaratois hikanoin hupostrefala eis tan Lustran kai eis Ikoniem kai eis Antiocheian,They preached the gospel to that city and made many disciples. Then they returned to Lystra, Iconium, and Antioch,
Acts 21:6“returned”apospena allēloin, kai embainana eis tem ploiem, ekeinois de hupostrefala eis teim idieim.And after we had said our farewells, we went aboard the ship, and they returned home.
Acts 23:32“returned”ta de epaurion easaratois toin hippevoin apercherō sun auto hupostrefala eis tan parembolan;The next day they returned to the barracks and let the horsemen go on with him.
hupostrefasōr“return”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular1×
Luke 8:39“return”Hupostrefasōr eis ton oikon su, kai diēgesōr hoseim si poiata tos theos. kai aperchata kata holan tan politan kērussarōtos hoseim poiata auto tos Iēsus.“Return home and describe how much God has done for you.” So the man went away and proclaimed all over the town how much Jesus had done for him.
hupostrefarō“return”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive4×
Luke 2:43“returning”kai teleiaratoiu tain hēmerain, en te hupostrefarō autoin hupomenata Iēsus tos paidos en Ierousalēm, kai ouk gnōskala tois gonevois autou.When those days were over and they were returning home, the boy Jesus remained behind in Jerusalem, but His parents were unaware He had stayed.
Luke 8:40“returned”En de te hupostrefarō ton Iēsun apodecheta auton tos ochlos, ale gar pantois prosdokarōtois auton.When Jesus returned, the crowd welcomed Him, for they had all been waiting for Him.
Acts 13:34“return”hoti de anistanata auton ek nekroiu mēketi mellarōton hupostrefarō eis diafthoran, houtōs legatē hoti Dōami vi teim hosieim David teim pisteim.In fact, God raised Him from the dead, never to see decay. As He has said: ‘I will give you the holy and sure blessings promised to David.’
Acts 20:3“return”poiaratos tē mēnoin treis; gineratau epiboulau auto hupo toiu Ioudaioiu mellarōto anagirō eis tan Surian gineta gnōmau teu hupostrefarō dia Makedoniau.where he stayed three months. And when the Jews formed a plot against him as he was about to sail for Syria, he decided to go back through Macedonia.
hupostrefara“return”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive2×
Luke 19:12“return”legata oun; Anthrōpos tinos eugenos poreuita eis chōran makran lambara heauto basileian kai hupostrefara.So He said, “A man of noble birth went to a distant country to lay claim to his kingship and then return.
2 Peter 2:21“turn back”kreittōnem gar ate autoi mē epignōskarē tan hodan tau dikaiosunau ē epignōskaratoi hupostrefara ek tau paradōiratau autoi hagiau entolau;It would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than to have known it and then to turn away from the holy commandment passed on to them.
hupostrefarōtos“returning”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine1×
Acts 8:28“returning”ate tē hupostrefarōtos kai katherōtos epi teu harmeu autou kai anaginōskate ton profēton Ēsaion.and on his return was sitting in his chariot reading Isaiah the prophet.
hupostrefarōto“returning”happening now · to, forpresent active participle dative singular masculine1×
Hebrews 7:1“returning”Houtos gar tos Melchisedek, basilevos Salēm, hierevos tou theou tou hupsistou, tos sunantaratos Abraam hupostrefarōto apo tau kopau toiu basilevoiu kai eulogaratos auton,This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. He met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him,
hupostrefarato“returned”happened · to, foraorist active participle dative singular masculine1×
Acts 22:17“returned”Gineta de mi hupostrefarato eis Ierousalēm kai proseucherōtou mu en te hiere ginera min en ekstasiaLater, when I had returned to Jerusalem and was praying at the temple, I fell into a trance
hupostrefaratois“returned”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine3×
Luke 7:10“returned”kai hupostrefaratois eis ton oikon tois pempiratois heuriskala ton doulon hugiainarōton.And when the messengers returned to the house, they found the servant in good health.
Luke 9:10“returned”Kai hupostrefaratois tois apostolois diēgela auto hoseim poiala. kai paralambaratos autoin hupochōrata kata idian eis politan kalirōtan Bēthsaida.Then the apostles returned and reported to Jesus all that they had done. Taking them away privately, He withdrew to a town called Bethsaida.
Luke 17:18“return”ouk heuriskila hupostrefaratois dōara doxan to theo ei mē tos allogenos houtos?Was no one found except this foreigner to return and give glory to God?”
hupostrefaratais“returned”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural feminine2×
Luke 23:56“returned”hupostrefaratais de hetoimazala arōmeim kai mureim. Kai tem men sabbatem hēsuchazala kata tan entolan,Then they returned to prepare spices and perfumes. And they rested on the Sabbath, according to the commandment.
Luke 24:9“returning”kai hupostrefaratais apo teu mnēmeieu apangellala houteim panteim toi hendeka kai pantoi toi loipoi.And when they returned from the tomb, they reported all these things to the Eleven and to all the others.