verb
kratamō
Greekκρατέω (krateō)
Strong’sG2902
I lay hold of, obtain
stem krat-47 times in the New Testamentin 9 of 27 books26 forms occur
Translated as
12 rarer renderings are not shown; every occurrence below carries the English it was given there.
What it means
κρατέω, -ῶ
(< κράτος), [in LXX chiefly for חזק hi., also for אחז, etc.;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G2902 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidkrat-eh'-o
to use strength, i.e. seize or retain (literally or figuratively)
Fromfrom G2904;
King Jameshold (by, fast), keep, lay hand (hold) on, obtain, retain, take (by).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Forms in the New Testament
| Form and the Greek behind it | What it is | Usually | Times |
|---|---|---|---|
| kratasōκρατεῖς | happening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singular | hold fast | 1× |
| kratavōκρατεῖτε | happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural | hold to | 1× |
| kratalōκρατοῦσιν | happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural | seized | 1× |
| kratileἐκρατοῦντο | was happening · theyimperfect passive indicative 3rd person plural | prevented | 1× |
| kratatiκρατήσει | will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular | take hold | 1× |
| kratataἐκράτησεν | happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular | took | 3× |
| kratanaἐκρατήσαμεν | happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural | seized | 1× |
| kratavaἐκρατήσατέ | happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural | arrest | 2× |
| kratalaἐκράτησαν | happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural | arrested | 4× |
| kratilēκεκράτηνται | has happened · theyperfect passive indicative 3rd person plural | retained | 1× |
| krataneiōκρατῶμεν | happening now · wepresent active subjunctive 1st person plural | hold fast | 1× |
| krataveiōκρατῆτε | happening now · yepresent active subjunctive 2nd person plural | retain | 1× |
| krataleiaκρατήσωσιν | happened · theyaorist active subjunctive 3rd person plural | arrest | 1× |
| kratasōrκράτει | happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular | hold fast | 1× |
| kratavōrκρατεῖτε | happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural | hold | 1× |
| kratavarκρατήσατε | happened · yeaorist active imperative 2nd person plural | arrest | 3× |
| kratarōκρατεῖν | happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive | observe | 1× |
| kratirōκρατεῖσθαι | happening now · the “to …” formpresent passive infinitive | held | 1× |
| krataraκρατῆσαι | happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive | arrest | 4× |
| kratarēκεκρατηκέναι | has happened · the “to …” formperfect active infinitive | obtained | 1× |
| kratarōtosκρατῶν | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine | holds | 2× |
| kratarōtouΚρατοῦντος | happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive singular masculine | clung | 1× |
| kratarōtoisκρατοῦντες | happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine | observing | 1× |
| kratarōtoinκρατοῦντας | happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine | hold | 3× |
| krataratosκρατήσας | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine | took | 6× |
| krataratoisκρατήσαντες | happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine | seized | 3× |
Every form the New Testament uses, in paradigm order. What the system can build beyond them — the whole of this verb, whether the text happens to use it or not — is in the tables below.
Every form the system can build — all 172, by mood, including the ones the New Testament never uses
Statements — indicative mood, 16 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratamō | kratame | kratami | kratama | kratamē | kratamelē |
| you 2nd person singular | kratasō1×κρατεῖς | kratase | kratasi | kratasa | kratasē | krataselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratatō | kratate | kratati1×κρατήσει | kratata3×ἐκράτησεν | kratatē | kratatelē |
| we 1st person plural | kratanō | kratane | kratani | kratana1×ἐκρατήσαμεν | kratanē | kratanelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | kratavō1×κρατεῖτε | kratave | kratavi | kratava2×ἐκρατήσατέ | kratavē | kratavelē |
| they 3rd person plural | kratalō1×κρατοῦσιν | kratale | kratali | kratala4×ἐκράτησαν | kratalē | kratalelē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | was happening imperfect | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect | had happened pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratimō | kratime | kratimi | kratima | kratimē | kratimelē |
| you 2nd person singular | kratisō | kratise | kratisi | kratisa | kratisē | kratiselē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratitō | kratite | kratiti | kratita | kratitē | kratitelē |
| we 1st person plural | kratinō | kratine | kratini | kratina | kratinē | kratinelē |
| ye 2nd person plural | krativō | krative | krativi | krativa | krativē | krativelē |
| they 3rd person plural | kratilō | kratile1×ἐκρατοῦντο | kratili | kratila | kratilē1×κεκράτηνται | kratilelē |
May, might — subjunctive mood, 3 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratameiō | kratameia | kratameiē |
| you 2nd person singular | krataseiō | krataseia | krataseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratateiō | kratateia | kratateiē |
| we 1st person plural | krataneiō1×κρατῶμεν | krataneia | krataneiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | krataveiō1×κρατῆτε | krataveia | krataveiē |
| they 3rd person plural | krataleiō | krataleia1×κρατήσωσιν | krataleiē |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratimeiō | kratimeia | kratimeiē |
| you 2nd person singular | kratiseiō | kratiseia | kratiseiē |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratiteiō | kratiteia | kratiteiē |
| we 1st person plural | kratineiō | kratineia | kratineiē |
| ye 2nd person plural | krativeiō | krativeia | krativeiē |
| they 3rd person plural | kratileiō | kratileia | kratileiē |
Commands — imperative mood, 5 occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | kratasōr1×κράτει | kratasar | kratasēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratatōr | kratatar | kratatēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | kratavōr1×κρατεῖτε | kratavar3×κρατήσατε | kratavēr |
| they 3rd person plural | kratalōr | kratalar | kratalēr |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|
| you 2nd person singular | kratisōr | kratisar | kratisēr |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratitōr | kratitar | kratitēr |
| ye 2nd person plural | krativōr | krativar | krativēr |
| they 3rd person plural | kratilōr | kratilar | kratilēr |
Wishes — optative mood, no occurrences
the subject acts active voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratamoiō | kratamoia |
| you 2nd person singular | kratasoiō | kratasoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratatoiō | kratatoia |
| we 1st person plural | kratanoiō | kratanoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | kratavoiō | kratavoia |
| they 3rd person plural | krataloiō | krataloia |
acted on passive voice
| Who person | happening now present | happened aorist |
|---|---|---|
| I 1st person singular | kratimoiō | kratimoia |
| you 2nd person singular | kratisoiō | kratisoia |
| he/she/it 3rd person singular | kratitoiō | kratitoia |
| we 1st person plural | kratinoiō | kratinoia |
| ye 2nd person plural | krativoiō | krativoia |
| they 3rd person plural | kratiloiō | kratiloia |
The “to …” form — infinitive, 7 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | kratarō1×κρατεῖν | kratari | kratara4×κρατῆσαι | kratarē1×κεκρατηκέναι |
| acted on passive voice | kratirō1×κρατεῖσθαι | kratiri | kratira | kratirē |
Used as an adjective — participle, 16 occurrences
| Who is acting voice | happening now present | will happen future | happened aorist | has happened perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the subject acts active voice | kratarōtos7×κρατῶν | krataritos | krataratos9×κρατήσας | kratarētos |
| acted on passive voice | kratirōtos | kratiritos | kratiratos | kratirētos |
Each is given in the form it takes as a subject. From there a participle carries the ordinary noun endings, in every case, number and gender — so these four columns are the whole of what the verb contributes.
How every form is built — the slots that make them
krat is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Words built on the same stem
Where it appears
47 occurrences, every one of them listed
kratasō“hold fast”happening now · youpresent active indicative 2nd person singular1×
Revelation 2:13“hold fast”Oidamē pou katoikasō, hopou tos thronos tou Satanaou, kai kratasō tem onomem mu, kai ouk arnesa tan pistian mu kai en tai hēmerai Antipaos, tos marturos mu, tos pistos mu, hos apokteinita para vi, hopou tos Satanaos katoikatō.I know where you live, where the throne of Satan sits, yet you hold fast to My name. You did not deny your faith in Me, even in the days of My faithful witness Antipas, who was killed among you where Satan dwells.
kratavō“hold to”happening now · yepresent active indicative 2nd person plural1×
Mark 7:8“hold to”afiēkaratois tan entolan tou theou kratavō tan paradosian toiu anthrōpoiu.You have disregarded the commandment of God to keep the tradition of men.”
kratalō“seized”happening now · theypresent active indicative 3rd person plural1×
Mark 14:51“seized”Kai neaniskos tinos sunakolouthate auto periballerētos sindōnan epi gumneu, kai kratalō auton,One young man who had been following Jesus was wearing a linen cloth around his body. They caught hold of him,
kratile“prevented”was happening · theyimperfect passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
Luke 24:16“prevented”tois de ofthalmois autoiu kratile teu mē epignōskara auton.But their eyes were kept from recognizing Him.
kratati“take hold”will happen · he/she/itfuture active indicative 3rd person singular1×
Matthew 12:11“take hold”tos de legata autoi; Tinos eti ek vu anthrōpos hos echati probatem henem, kai ean empiptateia houtem tei sabbatei eis bothunon, ouchi kratati autem kai egeirati?He replied, “If one of you has a sheep and it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will he not take hold of it and lift it out?
kratata“took”happened · he/she/itaorist active indicative 3rd person singular3×
Matthew 9:25“took”hote de ekballita tos ochlos, eisercharatos kratata tau cheirau autau, kai egeirita tem korasiem.After the crowd had been put outside, Jesus went in and took the girl by the hand, and she got up.
Mark 6:17“arrested”Autos gar tos Hērōdos apostelaratos kratata ton Iōannon kai data auton en fulaka dia Hērōdiadan tan gunaikan Filippou tou adelfou autou, hoti autan gamata;For Herod himself had ordered that John be arrested and bound and imprisoned, on account of his brother Philip’s wife Herodias, whom Herod had married.
Revelation 20:2“seized”kai kratata ton drakōnon, tos ofios tos archaios, hos atō Diabolos kai tos Satanaos, kai data auton chilioi eteim,He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent who is the devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years.
kratana“seized”happened · weaorist active indicative 1st person plural1×
Acts 24:6“seized”hos kai tem hierem peirazata bebēlara, hon kai kratana,and he even tried to desecrate the temple; so we seized him.
kratava“arrest”happened · yeaorist active indicative 2nd person plural2×
Matthew 26:55“arrest”en ekeina ta hōra legata tos Iēsus toi ochloi; Hōs epi lēston exerchava meta machairaiu kai xuleiu sullambara min? kata hēmeran en te hiere kathezeme didaskarōtos kai ouk kratava min.At that time Jesus said to the crowd, “Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest Me as you would an outlaw? Every day I sat teaching in the temple courts, and you did not arrest Me.
Mark 14:49“arrest”kata hēmeran eme pros vin en te hiere didaskarōtos kai ouk kratava min; alla hina plērileia tais grafais.Every day I was with you, teaching in the temple courts, and you did not arrest Me. But this has happened that the Scriptures would be fulfilled.”
kratala“arrested”happened · theyaorist active indicative 3rd person plural4×
Matthew 26:50“arrested”tos de Iēsus legata auto; Hetairor, epi hem pareiasō. tote prosercharatois epiballala tain cheirain epi ton Iēsun kai kratala auton.“Friend,” Jesus replied, “do what you came for.” Then the men stepped forward, seized Jesus, and arrested Him.
Matthew 28:9“took hold of”kai idou Iēsus hupantata autai legarōtos; Chairavōr; tais de prosercharatais kratala autou toin podoin kai proskunala auto.Suddenly Jesus met them and said, “Greetings!” They came to Him, grasped His feet, and worshiped Him.
Mark 9:10“kept”kai ton logon kratala pros heautoin suzētarōtois tinem atō tem ek nekroiu anistanara.So they kept this matter to themselves, discussing what it meant to rise from the dead.
Mark 14:46“arrested”tois de epiballala tain cheirain auto kai kratala auton.Then the men seized Jesus and arrested Him.
kratilē“retained”has happened · theyperfect passive indicative 3rd person plural1×
John 20:23“retained”an tinoiu afiēkaveia tain hamartain afiēkilē autoi; an tinoiu krataveiō kratilē.If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.”
krataneiō“hold fast”happening now · wepresent active subjunctive 1st person plural1×
Hebrews 4:14“hold fast”Echarōtois oun archierevon megon diercharēton toin ouranoin, Iēsun ton huion tou theou, krataneiō tau homologiau;Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to what we profess.
krataveiō“retain”happening now · yepresent active subjunctive 2nd person plural1×
John 20:23“retain”an tinoiu afiēkaveia tain hamartain afiēkilē autoi; an tinoiu krataveiō kratilē.If you forgive anyone his sins, they are forgiven; if you withhold forgiveness from anyone, it is withheld.”
krataleia“arrest”happened · theyaorist active subjunctive 3rd person plural1×
Matthew 26:4“arrest”kai sumbouleuela hina ton Iēsun dolo krataleia kai apokteinaleia;and they conspired to arrest Jesus covertly and kill Him.
kratasōr“hold fast”happening now · youpresent active imperative 2nd person singular1×
Revelation 3:11“hold fast”erchemō tachu; kratasōr hem echasō, hina mēdenos lambateia ton stefanon su.I am coming soon. Hold fast to what you have, so that no one will take your crown.
kratavōr“hold”happening now · yepresent active imperative 2nd person plural1×
2 Thessalonians 2:15“hold”ara oun, adelfoir, stēkavōr, kai kratavōr tain paradosiain hain didaskiva eite dia logou eite dia epistolau nu.Therefore, brothers, stand firm and cling to the traditions we taught you, whether by speech or by letter.
kratavar“arrest”happened · yeaorist active imperative 2nd person plural3×
Matthew 26:48“arrest”tos de paradōarōtos auton dōata autoi sēmem legarōtos; Hon an filameia autos atō; kratavar auton.Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: “The One I kiss is the man; arrest Him.”
Mark 14:44“arrest”dōatelē de tos paradōarōtos auton sussēmem autoi legarōtos; Hon an filameia autos atō; kratavar auton kai apagavōr asfalōs.Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: “The One I kiss is the man; arrest Him and lead Him away securely.”
Revelation 2:25“hold fast”plēn hem echavō kratavar achri hou an hēkameia.than to hold fast to what you have until I come.
kratarō“observe”happening now · the “to …” formpresent active infinitive1×
Mark 7:4“observe”kai apo agorau ean mē baptizeleia ouk esthialō, kai alleim polleim atō heim paralambala kratarō, baptismoin potērieiu kai xestoiu kai chalkieiu kai klinaiuAnd on returning from the market, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other traditions for them to observe, including the washing of cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches for dining.
kratirō“held”happening now · the “to …” formpresent passive infinitive1×
Acts 2:24“held”hon tos theos anistanata luaratos tain ōdinain tou thanatou, kathoti ouk ate dunatem kratirō auton hupo autou;But God raised Him from the dead, releasing Him from the agony of death, because it was impossible for death to keep Him in its grip.
kratara“arrest”happened · the “to …” formaorist active infinitive4×
Matthew 21:46“arrest”kai zētarōtois auton kratara fobila toin ochloin, epei eis profēton auton echale.Although they wanted to arrest Him, they were afraid of the crowds, because the people regarded Him as a prophet.
Mark 3:21“restrain”kai akouaratois tois para autou exerchala kratara auton, legale gar hoti existanata.When His family heard about this, they went out to take custody of Him, saying, “He is out of His mind.”
Mark 12:12“arrest”Kai zētale auton kratara, kai fobila ton ochlon, gnōskala gar hoti pros autoin tan parabolan legata. kai afiēkaratois auton aperchala.At this, the leaders sought to arrest Jesus, for they knew that He had spoken this parable against them. But fearing the crowd, they left Him and went away.
Hebrews 6:18“seize”hina dia duo pragmeiu ametatheteiu, en hei adunatem pseudera theon, ischuran paraklēsian echaneiō tois katafeugaratois kratara tau prokeierōtau elpiau;Thus by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled to take hold of the hope set before us may be strongly encouraged.
kratarē“obtained”has happened · the “to …” formperfect active infinitive1×
Acts 27:13“obtained”Hupopnaratou de notou dokaratois tau prothesiau kratarē airaratois asson paralegele tan Krētan.When a gentle south wind began to blow, they thought they had their opportunity. So they weighed anchor and sailed along, hugging the coast of Crete.
kratarōtos“holds”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative singular masculine2×
Colossians 2:19“holding fast”kai ouk kratarōtos tan kefalan, ek hou pantem tem sōmem dia taiu hafaiu kai sundesmoiu epichorēgirōtem kai sumbibazirōtem auxatō tan auxēsian tou theou.He has lost connection to the head, from whom the whole body, supported and knit together by its joints and ligaments, grows as God causes it to grow.
Revelation 2:1“holds”To angelo tau en Efesa ekklēsau grafasar; Hōdeim legatō tos kratarōtos toin hepta astēroin en ta dexa autou, tos peripatarōtos en mese taiu hepta luchnaiu taiu chrusouaiu;“To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: These are the words of Him who holds the seven stars in His right hand and walks among the seven golden lampstands.
kratarōtou“clung”happening now · of, belonging topresent active participle genitive singular masculine1×
Acts 3:11“clung”Kratarōtou de autou ton Petron kai ton Iōannon suntrechata pantos tos laos pros autoin epi ta stoa ta kalirōta Solomōnou ekthambois.While the man clung to Peter and John, all the people were astonished and ran to them in the walkway called Solomon’s Colonnade.
kratarōtois“observing”happening now · subjectpresent active participle nominative plural masculine1×
Mark 7:3“observing”tois gar Farisaiois kai pantois tois Ioudaiois ean mē pugma nipteleia tain cheirain ouk esthialō, kratarōtois tan paradosian toiu presbuteroiu,Now in holding to the tradition of the elders, the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat until they wash their hands ceremonially.
kratarōtoin“hold”happening now · objectpresent active participle accusative plural masculine3×
Revelation 2:14“hold”alla echamō kata su oligeim, hoti echasō ekei kratarōtoin tan didachan Balaam, hos didaskate to Balak ballara skandalem enōpion toiu huioiu Israēl, esthiara eidōlothuteim kai porneuara;But I have a few things against you, because some of you hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to place a stumbling block before the Israelites so they would eat food sacrificed to idols and commit sexual immorality.
Revelation 2:15“hold”houtōs echasō kai sis kratarōtoin tan didachan Nikolaitoiu homoiōs.In the same way, some of you also hold to the teaching of the Nicolaitans.
Revelation 7:1“holding back”Meta houtem horama tessares angeloin histanarētoin epi tain tessares gōniain tau gēau, kratarōtoin toin tessares anemoin tau gēau, hina mē pnateiō anemos epi tau gēau mēte epi tau thalassau mēte epi pantem dendrem.After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back its four winds so that no wind would blow on land or sea or on any tree.
krataratos“took”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative singular masculine6×
Matthew 14:3“arrested”Tos gar Hērōdos krataratos ton Iōannon data auton kai en fulaka apotitheta dia Hērōdiadan tan gunaikan Filippou tou adelfou autou,Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife,
Matthew 18:28“grabbed”exercharatos de tos doulos ekeinos heuriskata henon toiu sundouloiu autou hos ofeilate auto hekaton dēnarieim, kai krataratos auton pnigate legarōtos; Apodōasar ei tinem ofeilasō.But when that servant went out, he found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii. He grabbed him and began to choke him, saying, ‘Pay back what you owe me!’
Mark 1:31“took”kai prosercharatos egeirata autan krataratos tau cheirau; kai afiēkata autan tos puretos, kai diakonate autoi.So He went to her, took her by the hand, and helped her up. The fever left her, and she began to serve them.
Mark 5:41“took”kai krataratos tau cheirau teu paidieu legatō auta; Talitha koumasar, hem atō methermēneuirōtem; Tem korasiem, si legamō, egeirasōr.Taking her by the hand, Jesus said, “Talitha koum!” which means, “Little girl, I say to you, get up!”
Mark 9:27“took”tos de Iēsus krataratos tau cheirau autou egeirata auton, kai anistanata.But Jesus took him by the hand and helped him to his feet, and he stood up.
Luke 8:54“took”autos de krataratos tau cheirau autau fōnata legarōtos; Tar paidar, egeirasōr.But Jesus took her by the hand and called out, “Child, get up!”
krataratois“seized”happened · subjectaorist active participle nominative plural masculine3×
Matthew 22:6“seized”tois de loipois krataratois toin douloin autou hubrizala kai apokteinala.The rest seized his servants, mistreated them, and killed them.
Matthew 26:57“arrested”Tois de krataratois ton Iēsun apagala pros Kaiafaon ton archierevon, hopou tois grammatevois kai tois presbuterois sunagila.Those who had arrested Jesus led Him away to the house of Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and elders had gathered.
Mark 14:1“arrest”Ate de tem pascha kai teim azumeim meta duo hēmerain. kai zētale tois archierevois kai tois grammatevois pōs auton en dolo krataratois apokteinaleia,Now the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread were two days away, and the chief priests and scribes were looking for a covert way to arrest Jesus and kill Him.