noun · masculine
artos
Strong’sG740
bread, a loaf, food
stem art-97 times in the New Testamentin 9 of 27 books8 of 10 forms occur
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
Bread or a loaf 1234, generally made of wheat 3. The word covers both the literal loaf of bread and, more broadly, food in general 14. The set phrase "loaves of the setting forth" refers to the shewbread kept in the temple 12. It is also used metaphorically of Christ, called "the bread of God" or "the bread of life" 1.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
ἄρτος, -ου, ὁ,
[in LXX chiefly for לֶחֶם;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G740 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidar'-tos
bread (as raised) or a loaf
Fromfrom G142;
King James(shew-)bread, loaf.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
cake or loaf of wheat-bread, mostly in plural, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἄρτος οὖλος a whole loaf, Refs; collectively, bread, δούλιον ἄρτον ἔδωνRefs 7th c.BC+; opposed to μᾶζα (porridge), Refs 5th c.BC+ —Freq. in all writers.
II ἄρτος· βόλος τις, καὶ ὁ Ἀθηναίων ξένος, Refs 5th c.AD+
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Biblang forms
Every form this word takes in Biblang, with the Greek it corresponds to and how often the New Testament uses it.
| Job in the sentence case | one singular | more than one plural |
|---|---|---|
| subject nominative | artos10×ἄρτος | artois4×ἄρτοι |
| object accusative | arton38×ἄρτον | artoin30×ἄρτους |
| direct address vocative | artor | artoir |
| of, belonging to genitive | artou5×ἄρτου | artoiu7×ἄρτων |
| to, for dative | arto2×ἄρτῳ | artoi1×ἄρτοις |
Tinted cells are forms the New Testament never uses, so there is no Greek to show against them — but they are still correct Biblang, built from the slots below like any other.
Why these forms, and no others — the slots that make them
arto is this word in every one of its forms. The slots after it make all the rest.
same in every form varies — every value shown
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
97 occurrences, every one of them listed
artos“bread”subjectnominative singular10×
Luke 4:3… legasar to litho houto hina geneteia artos.… God, tell this stone to become bread.”
John 6:33tos gar artos tou theou atō tos katabainarōntos ek …For the bread of God is He who comes …
John 6:35… autoi tos Iēsus; Mis amō tos artos tau zōau; tos erchorōntos pros min …Jesus answered, “I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to Me …
John 6:41… autou hoti legata; Mis amō tos artos tos katabainarantos ek tou ouranou,… He had said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.”
John 6:48mis amō tos artos tau zōau;I am the bread of life.
John 6:50houtos atō tos artos tos ek tou ouranou katabainarōntos hina …This is the bread that comes down from heaven, so …
John 6:51mis amō tos artos tos zōarōntos tos ek tou ouranou …I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If …
John 6:51… zōati eis ton aiōnon, kai tos artos de hon mis dōami tas sarkas …… he will live forever. And this bread, which I will give for the …
John 6:58houtos atō tos artos tos ek ouranou katabainarantos, ouk kathōs …This is the bread that came down from heaven. Unlike …
1 Corinthians 10:17“bread”hoti henos artos, henem sōmem tois pollois anō, tois …Because there is one loaf, we who are many are one body; for we …
arton“bread”objectaccusative singular38×
Matthew 6:11ton arton nu ton epiousion dōasar ni sēmeron;Give us this day our daily bread.
Matthew 7:9… anthrōpos, hon aitati tos huios autou arton mē lithon epidōati auto?… you, if his son asks for bread, will give him a stone?
Matthew 15:2“bread”… gar niptolō tain cheirain autoiu hotan arton esthialeiō.… do not wash their hands before they eat.”
Matthew 15:26… legata; Ouk atō kalem labara ton arton teiu tekneiu kai balara tei kunariei.… not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”
Matthew 26:26Esthiarōntoiu de autoiu labarantos tos Iēsus arton kai eulogarantos klata kai dōarantos toi …While they were eating, Jesus took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it …
Mark 3:20“meal”… ochlos, hōste mē dunorō autoin mēde arton esthiara.… again a crowd gathered, so that He and His disciples could not even eat.
Mark 6:8… hodan ei mē rabdan monem, mē arton, mē pēran, mē eis tan zōnan …… a staff for the journey — no bread, no bag, no money in their …
Mark 7:5“bread”… presbuteroiu, alla koinai cheirai esthialō ton arton?… of the elders? Instead, they eat with defiled hands.”
Mark 7:27… ouk gar kalem atō labara ton arton teiu tekneiu kai tei kunariei balara.… not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”
Mark 8:14… labara artoin, kai ei mē henon arton ouk echale meta heautoiu en te …… to take bread, except for one loaf they had with them in the …
Mark 14:22Kai esthiarōntoiu autoiu labarantos arton eulogarantos klata kai dōata autoi kai …While they were eating, Jesus took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it …
Luke 7:33… gar Iōannos tos baptistos mē esthiarōntos arton mēte pinarōntos oinon, kai legavō; Daimonem …… John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and you say …
Luke 9:3… hodan, mēte rabdan mēte pēran mēte arton mēte arguriem, mēte ana duo chitōnoin …… them, “no staff, no bag, no bread, no money, no second tunic.
Luke 11:3ton arton nu ton epiousion dōasōr ni tem …Give us each day our daily bread.
Luke 14:1“meal”… toiu archontoiu toiu Farisaioiu sabbate esthiara arton kai autois ale paratērorōntois auton.One Sabbath, Jesus went to eat in the home of a leading Pharisee, and those in attendance were watching Him closely.
Luke 14:15“bread”… houteim legata auto; Makarios hotinos esthieti arton en ta basileia tou theou.… reclining with Him heard this, he said to Jesus, “Blessed is everyone who will eat at the feast in the kingdom of God.”
Luke 22:19kai labarantos arton eucharistarantos klata kai dōata autoi legarōntos; …And He took the bread, gave thanks and broke it, and …
Luke 24:30… kataklinira auton meta autoiu labarantos ton arton eulogata kai klarantos epidōate autoi;… the table with them, He took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it …
John 6:23… engus tou topou hopou esthiala ton arton eucharistarantou tou kuriou.… where the people had eaten the bread after the Lord had given thanks.
John 6:31… en ta erēma, kathōs atō graforēntem; Arton ek tou ouranou dōata autoi esthiara.… it is written: ‘He gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”
John 6:32… vi, ouk Mōusos dōatē vi ton arton ek tou ouranou, alla tos patros …… not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven, but it is My …
John 6:32… tos patros mu dōatō vi ton arton ek tou ouranou ton alēthinon;… Father who gives you the true bread from heaven.
John 6:34… auton; Kurior, pantote dōasar ni ton arton houton.“Sir,” they said, “give us this bread at all times.”
John 6:58… kai apothnēskala; tos trōgarōntos houton ton arton zōati eis ton aiōnon.… died, the one who eats this bread will live forever.”
John 13:18… grafas plēriteia; Tos trōgarōntos mu ton arton eparata epi min tan pternan autou.… Scripture: ‘The one who shares My bread has lifted up his heel against …
John 21:9… anthrakian keiorōntan kai opsariem epikeiorōntem kai arton.… with fish on it, and some bread.
John 21:13erchotō tos Iēsus kai labatō ton arton kai dōatō autoi, kai tem opsariem …Jesus came and took the bread and gave it to them, and …
Acts 2:46… te hiere, klarōntois tē kata oikon arton, metalabale trofēau en agalliasia kai afelota …… the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their …
Acts 20:7… hena teiu sabbateiu sunagorēntoiu nu klara arton tos Paulos dialegote autoi, mellarōntos exeiarō …… week we came together to break bread. Since Paul was ready to leave …
Acts 20:11anabainarantos de kai klarantos ton arton kai geuerantos epi hikanon tē homilarantos …Then Paul went back upstairs, broke bread, and ate. And after speaking until …
Acts 27:35legarantos de houteim kai labarantos arton eucharistata to theo enōpion pantoiu kai …… he had said this, Paul took bread and gave thanks to God in …
1 Corinthians 10:16… atō teu haimeu tou Christou? ton arton hon klanō, ouchi koinōnias teu sōmeu …… of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in …
1 Corinthians 11:23… en ta nukta ha paradōote labata arton… the night He was betrayed, took bread,
1 Corinthians 11:26hosakis gar ean esthiaveiō ton arton houton kai tem potēriem pinaveiō, ton …… as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim …
1 Corinthians 11:27Hōste hos an esthiateiō ton arton ē pinateiō tem potēriem tou kuriou …Therefore, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the …
2 Corinthians 9:10… de epichorēgarōntos sporon to sperarōnto kai arton eis brōsian chorēgati kai plēthunati ton …… supplies seed to the sower and bread for food will supply and multiply …
2 Thessalonians 3:8“bread”oude dōreōs arton esthiana para tinou, alla en kopo …nor did we eat anyone’s food without paying for it. Instead, in labor and toil, we worked …
2 Thessalonians 3:12“bread”… hina meta hēsuchiau ergazorōntois ton heautoiu arton esthialeiō.… Jesus Christ to begin working quietly to earn their own living.
artou“bread”of, belonging togenitive singular5×
Luke 24:35… gnōskita autoi en ta klasia tou artou.… Jesus in the breaking of the bread.
John 6:51… ean tinos esthiateia ek houtou tou artou zōati eis ton aiōnon, kai tos …… heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And this …
Acts 2:42… kai ta koinōnia, ta klasia tou artou kai tai proseuchai.… the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.
1 Corinthians 10:17“bread”… tois gar pantois ek tou henou artou metechanō.… one body; for we all partake of the one loaf.
1 Corinthians 11:28… anthrōpos heauton, kai houtōs ek tou artou esthiatōr kai ek teu potērieu pinatōr;… himself before he eats of the bread and drinks of the cup.
arto“bread”to, fordative singular2×
Matthew 4:4… de apokrinirantos legata; Grafotē; Ouk epi arto mono zōeti tos anthrōpos, alla epi …… written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that …
Luke 4:4… tos Iēsus; Grafotē hoti Ouk epi arto mono zōeti tos anthrōpos.… written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone.’”
artois“bread”subjectnominative plural4×
Matthew 4:3… theou, legasar hina tois lithois houtois artois geneleia.… God, tell these stones to become bread.”
Matthew 15:33… tois mathētois; Pothen ni en erēmia artois tosoutois hōste chortazara ochlon tosouton?… desolate place could we find enough bread to feed such a large crowd?”
Luke 9:13… legala; Ouk alō ni polloterem ē artois pente kai ichthois duo, ei mēti …… to eat.” “We have only five loaves of bread and two fish,” they …
John 6:7apokrinita auto Filippos; Diakosioi dēnarieiu artois ouk arkalō autoi hina hekastos brachuem …… hundred denarii would not buy enough bread for each of them to have …
artoin“loaves”objectaccusative plural30×
Matthew 12:4… ton oikon tou theou kai toin artoin tau prothesiau esthiala, hem ouk exestinarōntem …… and his companions ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for them …
Matthew 14:17… Ouk echanō hōde ei mē pente artoin kai duo ichthoin.“We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish,” they …
Matthew 14:19… epi tou chortou, labarantos toin pente artoin kai toin duo ichthoin, anableparantos eis …… on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking …
Matthew 14:19… kai klarantos dōata toi mathētoi toin artoin tois de mathētois toi ochloi.… a blessing. Then He broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples …
Matthew 15:34kai legatō autoi tos Iēsus; Posoin artoin echavō? tois de legala; Hepta, kai …“How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked. “Seven …
Matthew 15:36labata toin hepta artoin kai toin ichthoin kai eucharistarantos klata …Taking the seven loaves and the fish, He gave thanks …
Matthew 16:5… tois mathētois eis tem peran epilathela artoin labara.… side, the disciples forgot to take bread.
Matthew 16:7… de dialogizole en heautoi legarōntois hoti Artoin ouk labana.… because we did not bring any bread.”
Matthew 16:8… Tinem dialogizovō en heautoi, oligopistoir, hoti artoin ouk labava?… debating among yourselves about having no bread?
Matthew 16:9oupō noavō, oude mnēmoneuavō toin pente artoin toiu pentakischilioi kai posoin kofinoin labava?… Do you not remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how …
Matthew 16:10oude toin hepta artoin toiu tetrakischilioi kai posain spuridain labava?Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how …
Mark 2:26… theou epi Abiathar archierevou kai toin artoin tau prothesiau esthiata, hoin ouk exestinatō …… of God and ate the consecrated bread, which was lawful only for the …
Mark 6:37… legalō auto; Apercharantois agorazaneia dēnarieiu diakosioi artoin kai dōani autoi esthiara?… denarii to give all of them bread to eat?”
Mark 6:38tos de legatō autoi; Posoin echavō artoin? hupagavōr horavar. kai gnōskarantois legalō; Pente, …“Go and see how many loaves you have,” He told them. And …
Mark 6:41kai labarantos toin pente artoin kai toin duo ichthoin anableparantos eis …Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking …
Mark 6:41… ton ouranon eulogata kai kataklata toin artoin kai dōate toi mathētoi autou hina …… spoke a blessing and broke the loaves. Then He gave them to His …
Mark 6:44kai ale tois esthiarantois toin artoin pentakischilioi androis.… thousand men who had eaten the loaves.
Mark 7:2“bread”… cheirai, houtem atō aniptai, esthialō toin artoin… His disciples eating with hands that were defiled— that is, unwashed.
Mark 8:5kai erōtate autoin; Posoin echavō artoin? tois de legala; Hepta.“How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked. “Seven …
Mark 8:6… tau gēau; kai labarantos toin hepta artoin eucharistarantos klata kai dōate toi mathētoi …… ground. Then He took the seven loaves, gave thanks and broke them, and …
Mark 8:14Kai epilathela labara artoin, kai ei mē henon arton ouk …… the disciples had forgotten to take bread, except for one loaf they had …
Mark 8:16kai dialogizole pros allēloin hoti artoin ouk echalō.… the fact that they had no bread.
Mark 8:17… gnōskarantos legatō autoi; Tinem dialogizovō hoti artoin ouk echavō? oupō noavō oude suniēkavō? …… are you debating about having no bread? Do you still not see or …
Mark 8:19hote toin pente artoin klama eis toin pentakischilioi, posoin kofinoin …When I broke the five loaves for the five thousand, how many …
Luke 6:4… ton oikon tou theou kai toin artoin tau prothesiau labarantos esthiata kai dōata …… house of God, took the consecrated bread and gave it to his companions …
Luke 9:16labarantos de toin pente artoin kai toin duo ichthoin anableparantos eis …Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking …
Luke 11:5… legateia auto; Filor, kichrēasar mi treis artoin,… and says, ‘Friend, lend me three loaves of bread,
John 6:5… auton legatō pros Filippon; Pothen agorazaneia artoin hina esthialeia houtois?… to Philip, “Where can we buy bread for these people to eat?”
John 6:9Atō paidariem hōde hos echatō pente artoin krithinoin kai duo opsarieim; alla houteim …… is a boy with five barley loaves and two small fish. But what …
John 6:11labata oun toin artoin tos Iēsus kai eucharistarantos diadōata toi …Then Jesus took the loaves and the fish, gave thanks, and …
artoiu“bread”of, belonging togenitive plural7×
Matthew 16:11pōs ouk noavō hoti ouk peri artoiu legama vi? prosechavōr de apo tau …… I was not telling you about bread? But beware of the leaven of …
Matthew 16:12… legata prosecharō apo tau zumau toiu artoiu alla apo tau didachau toiu Farisaioiu …… beware of the leaven used in bread, but of the teaching of the …
Mark 8:4… Pothen houtoin duneti tinos hōde chortazara artoiu epi erēmiau?… desolate place could anyone find enough bread to feed all these people?”
Luke 15:17“bread”… Posois misthiois tou patrou mu perisseuolō artoiu, mis de lima hōde apolomō;… his senses and said, ‘How many of my father’s hired servants have plenty of food, but here I am, starving …
John 6:13… dōdeka kofinoin klasmeiu ek toiu pente artoiu toiu krithinoiu heim perisseuala toi bibrōskarēntoi.… the pieces of the five barley loaves left over by those who had …
John 6:26… sēmeim alla hoti esthiava ek toiu artoiu kai chortaziva;… Me, but because you ate the loaves and had your fill.
Hebrews 9:2… tas trapezas kai tas prothesias toiu artoiu, hotinas legotō Hagieim;… lampstand, the table, and the consecrated bread. This was called the Holy Place.
artoi“loaves”to, fordative plural1×
Mark 6:52ouk gar suniēkala epi toi artoi, alla ate autoiu tas kardias pōrorēntas.… they had not understood about the loaves, but their hearts had been hardened.