adverb
exō
Strong’sG1854
without, outside
stem exō-62 times in the New Testamentin 12 of 27 booksnever changes form
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
Outside or without, describing a location apart from something else 1234. It can function as a plain adverb ("the one outside," "those outside") or as a preposition with the genitive meaning outside of 13. Used of people, it can refer metaphorically to those outside the Christian community, and to the "outer" or external self as opposed to the inner 1; it is also used of cities lying outside a given territory 1. Strong's adds that the underlying sense can extend figuratively to being "strange" or foreign 2.
With verbs of motion, the word instead means forth or out, describing movement away from a place, either as a simple adverb ("go out," "cast out") or as a preposition with the genitive meaning out of 13.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
ἔξω
adv.(< ἐξ), [in LXX for חוּץ;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G1854 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidex'-o
out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively
Fromadverb from G1537;
King Jamesaway, forth, (with-)out (of, -ward), strange.
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
adverb of ἐξ, as εἴσω of εἰς:
I of Place,
I.1 with Verbs of motion, out or out of, ἔ. ἰών Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔ. τοὺς χριστιανούς (i.e. φέρε) Refs 2nd c.AD+
I.1.b as preposition, with genitive, ἔ. χροὸς ἕλκε Refs 8th c.BC+; ἔ. or γῆς ἔ. βαλεῖν, Refs 8th c.BC+ sailing outside the H., Refs 5th c.BC+
I.2 without any sense of motion, outside, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸ ἔ. the outside, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἔ. τῶν ὀμμάτων their prominency, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἔ. things outside the walls or house, Refs 5th c.BC+; external things, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἔ. πράγματα foreign affairs, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἔ. those outside, Refs; of exiles, Refs 5th c.BC+ (but in NT, the heathen, NT+5th c.BC+; ἡ ἔ. θάλασσα, opposed to ἡ εἴσω, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἔ. τὴν χεῖρα ἔχειν keep one's arm outside one's cloak, Refs 4th c.BC+
I.2.b as preposition, with genitive, οἱ ἔ. γένους, opposed to τὰ ἐγγενῆ, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. τοξεύματος out of range of arrows, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. βελῶν, τῶν β., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. τοῦ πολέμου unconcerned with the war, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶν ἔ. τοῦ πράγματος ὄντων persons unconcerned in the matter, Refs; πράξεις ἔ. τῆς ὑποθέσεως λεγομένας away from the subject, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. τοῦ δικαστηρίου [ἔπαινοι] Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἔ. λόγου τίθεσθαι, θέσθαι, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἔ. πάτου ὀνόματα out-of-the-way words, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἔ. πίστεως beyond belief, Refs; ἔ. φρενῶν out of one's senses, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν ἔ. τοῦ φυτεύσαντος δρᾷς unlike thy sire, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. τῆς ἀνθρωπείας.. νομίσεως alien to human belief, Refs 5th c.BC+ keep clear of difficulties, Refs 5th c.BC+
II of Time, beyond, over, ἔ. μέσου ἡμέρας Refs 5th c.BC+
III without, except, with genitive, ἔ. σεῦ Refs 5th c.BC+besides.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. τοῦ ἐφθακέναι ἀδικοῦντες except the being first to do wrong, Epist. Philipp. cited in Refs 4th c.BC+
IV τὰ κατὰ τὸν Φίλιππον ἔ. τελέως ἐστί, Philip is 'played out', Refs 2nd c.BC+ — Cf. ἐξωτέρω, -τάτω.
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
62 occurrences, every one of them listed
exō62×
Matthew 5:13… oudenem ischuatō ēti ei mē balirantem exō katapatorō hupo toiu anthrōpoiu.… for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled by men.
Matthew 12:46… mētēras kai tois adelfois autou stēalelē exō zētarōntois auto lalara.… crowds, His mother and brothers stood outside, wanting to speak to Him.
Matthew 12:47… mētēras su kai tois adelfois su exō stēalē, zētarōntois si lalara.… Your mother and brothers are standing outside, wanting to speak to You.”
Matthew 13:48… kaleim eis angeim, teim de sapreim exō balala.… into containers, but threw the bad away.
Matthew 26:69“outside”Tos de Petros kathote exō en ta aula; kai proserchata auto …Meanwhile, Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came up to him. “You also …
Matthew 26:75“out”… fōnara tris aparnesi min, kai exercharantos exō klaiata pikrōs.… the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times.” And he went outside and wept bitterly.
Mark 1:45… dunorō fanerōs eis polan eiserchara, alla exō epi erēmoi topoi ate; kai erchole …… in plain view, but He stayed out in solitary places. Yet people came …
Mark 3:31… autou kai tois adelfois autou kai exō stēkarōntois apostelala pros auton kalarōntois auton.… mother and brothers came and stood outside. They sent someone in to summon …
Mark 3:32… mētēras su kai tois adelfois su exō zētalō sin.… told, “Your mother and brothers are outside, asking for You.”
Mark 4:11… basileiau tou theou; ekeinoi de toi exō en parabolai teim panteim genotō,… you, but to those on the outside everything is expressed in parables,
Mark 11:4… kai heuriskala pōlon dorēnton pros thuran exō epi teu amfodeu, kai lualō auton.… they went and found the colt outside in the street, tied at a …
Mark 14:68… epistomō sis tinem legasō, kai exerchata exō eis tem proauliem kai alektōros fōnata.… about,” he said. Then he went out to the gateway, and the rooster …
Luke 1:10… tem plēthem ate tou laou proseuchorōntem exō ta hōra teu thumiameu;… offering, the whole congregation was praying outside.
Luke 8:20… su kai tois adelfois su stēalē exō horara sin thelarōntois.… Your mother and brothers are standing outside, wanting to see You.”
Luke 13:25… kai apokleiateia tan thuran, kai archeveia exō stēarē kai krouarō tan thuran legarōntois; …… shuts the door, you will stand outside knocking and saying, ‘Lord, open the …
Luke 13:28“outside”… basileia tou theou, vin de ekbalorōntoin exō.… in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves are thrown out.
Luke 14:35… gēan oute eis koprian euthetem atō; exō balalō autem. tos echarōntos oueim akouarō …… manure pile, and it is thrown out. He who has ears to hear …
Luke 22:62“out”kai exercharantos exō klaiata pikrōs.And he went outside and wept bitterly.
John 6:37“out”… erchorōnton pros min ouk mē ekbalameia exō,… one who comes to Me I will never drive away.
John 9:34… sis didaskasō nin? kai ekbalala auton exō.… instructing us?” And they threw him out.
John 9:35Akouata Iēsus hoti ekbalala auton exō, kai heuriskarantos auton legata; Sis pisteuasō …… heard that they had thrown him out, He found the man and said …
John 11:43… legarantos fōna mega kraugazata; Lazaror, deuro exō.… in a loud voice, “Lazarus, come out!”
John 12:31… tos archontos tou kosmou houtou ekbaliti exō;… of this world will be cast out.
John 15:6… mē tinos menateiō en mi, balita exō hōs tem klēmem kai xēranita, kai …… like a branch that is thrown away and withers. Such branches are gathered …
John 18:16… de Petros stēatelē pros ta thura exō. exerchata oun tos mathētos tos allosos …But Peter stood outside at the door. Then the disciple …
John 18:29exerchata oun tos Pilatos exō pros autoin kai fēatō; Tinan katēgorian …So Pilate went out to them and asked, “What accusation …
John 19:4kai exerchata palin exō tos Pilatos kai legatō autoi; Ide …Once again Pilate came out and said to the Jews, “Look …
John 19:4… legatō autoi; Ide agamō vi auton exō, hina gnōskaveia hoti oudenan aitian heuriskamō …… Jews, “Look, I am bringing Him out to you to let you know …
John 19:5exerchata oun tos Iēsus exō, forarōntos ton akanthinon stefanon kai tem …When Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and …
John 19:13… Pilatos akouarantos toiu logoiu houtoiu agata exō ton Iēsun, kai kathizata epi bēmeu …… heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat on the judgment seat …
John 20:11Marias de stēatelē pros te mnēmeie exō klaiarōntas. hōs oun klaiate parakuptata eis …But Mary stood outside the tomb weeping. And as she …
Acts 5:34… nomodidaskalos timios panto to lao, keleuata exō brachuem toin anthrōpoin poiara,… ordered that the men be put outside for a short time.
Acts 9:40“outside”ekbalarantos de exō pantoin tos Petros kai titharantos teim …Then Peter sent them all out of the room. He knelt down and prayed, and …
Acts 16:30kai proagarantos autoin exō fēate; Kurioir, tinem min datō poiarō …Then he brought them out and asked, “Sirs, what must I …
Acts 26:11… autoi diōkame heōs kai eis tain exō polain.… against them, I even went to foreign cities to persecute them.
1 Corinthians 5:12tinem gar mi toin exō krinarō? ouchi toin esō vis krinavō,… mine is it to judge those outside the church? Are you not to …
1 Corinthians 5:13toin de exō tos theos krinatō? exaravar ton ponēron …God will judge those outside. “Expel the wicked man from among …
2 Corinthians 4:16… ouk enkakanō, alla ei kai tos exō nu anthrōpos diaftherotō, alla tos esō …… do not lose heart. Though our outer self is wasting away, yet our …
Colossians 4:5En sofia peripatavōr pros toin exō, ton kairon exagorazorōntois.Act wisely toward outsiders, redeeming the time.
1 Thessalonians 4:12hina peripataveiō euschēmonōs pros toin exō kai mēdeneu chreian echaveiō.Then you will behave properly toward outsiders, without being dependent on anyone.
1 John 4:18… ta agapa, alla tas teleias agapas exō balatō ton fobon, hoti tos fobos …… in love, but perfect love drives out fear, because fear involves punishment. The …
Revelation 3:12… to nao tou theou mu, kai exō ouk mē exerchateia ēti, kai grafami …… the new Jerusalem that comes down out of heaven from My God), and …
Revelation 22:15exō tois kunois kai tois farmakois kai …But outside are the dogs, the sorcerers, the …
Matthew 10:14“of”… mēde akouateia toin logoin vu, exerchorōntois exō tau oikiau ē tau polau ekeinau …… welcome you or heed your words, shake the dust off your feet when you leave that home or town.
Matthew 21:17kai kataleiparantos autoin exerchata exō tau polau eis Bēthanian, kai aulizita …… He left them and went out of the city to Bethany, where He …
Matthew 21:39kai labarantois auton ekbalala exō tou ampelōnou kai apoktenala.… they seized him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
Mark 5:10… auton polleim hina mē auteim apostelateia exō tau chōrau.… Jesus repeatedly not to send them out of that region.
Mark 8:23… tau cheirau tou tuflou ekferata auton exō tau kōmau, kai ptuarantos eis teim …… by the hand and led him out of the village. Then He spit on …
Mark 11:19Kai hotan opse geneta, ekporeuole exō tau polau.… came, Jesus and His disciples went out of the city.
Mark 12:8… labarantois apoktenala auton, kai ekbalala auton exō tou ampelōnou.… killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.
Luke 4:29kai anastēarantois ekbalala auton exō tau polau, kai agala auton heōs …They got up, drove Him out of the town, and led Him to …
Luke 13:33… poreuorō, hoti ouk endechetaiotō profēton apolera exō Ierousalēm.… admissible for a prophet to perish outside of Jerusalem.
Luke 20:15kai ekbalarantois auton exō tou ampelōnou apoktenala. tinem oun poiati …So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What …
Acts 4:15“outside”keleuarantois de autoin exō teu sunedrieu aperchara sumballale pros allēloinSo they ordered them to leave the Sanhedrin and then conferred together.
Acts 7:58kai ekbalarantois exō tau polau lithobolale. kai tois marturois …They dragged him out of the city and began to stone …
Acts 14:19“out of”… ochloin kai lithazarantois ton Paulon surale exō tau polau, nomizarōntois auton thnēskarē.Then some Jews arrived from Antioch and Iconium and won over the crowds. They stoned Paul and dragged him outside the city, presuming he was dead.
Acts 16:13ta tē hēmera teiu sabbateiu exerchana exō tau pulau para potamon hou nomizane …On the Sabbath we went outside the city gate along the river …
Acts 21:5… pantoiu sun gunaikai kai teknei heōs exō tau polau, kai titharantois teim gonueim …… their wives and children, accompanied us out of the city and knelt down on …
Acts 21:30… kai epilaberantois tou Paulou helkale auton exō teu hiereu, kai eutheōs kleiila tais …… They seized Paul and dragged him out of the temple, and at once the …
Hebrews 13:11… tou archierevou, houteiu teim sōmeim katakaiotō exō tau parembolau;… for sin, the bodies are burned outside the camp.
Hebrews 13:12… dia teu idieu haimeu ton laon, exō tau pulau paschata.And so Jesus also suffered outside the city gate, to sanctify the …
Hebrews 13:13toinun exerchoneiō pros auton exō tau parembolau, ton oneidismon autou ferarōntois.Therefore let us go to Him outside the camp, bearing the disgrace He …