adverb
nun
Strong’sG3568
now, already, at present
stem nun-145 times in the New Testamentin 24 of 27 booksnever changes form
What it means
A plain-English reading of the word, with the lexicons it draws on — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, and Liddell-Scott-Jones — right below it, in full.
AI Summary
Now, marking the present moment as opposed to what has already happened or what is still to come 1234. It can function as a noun for "the present," as in phrases like "the present time," "from now on," "until now," and "as regards the present" 13. It also covers the immediate past, meaning "just now, but now" 13, and the immediate future, meaning "presently, soon, forthwith" 123. Strong's notes that the word can also serve as a noun or adjective meaning "present" or "immediate," and covers related senses such as "henceforth," "hereafter," and "of late" 2.
The word is also used apart from strict time, to draw a logical conclusion or mark a contrast with what might otherwise be the case: "now, therefore," "now, however," or "as it actually is" 1.
Sources: 1 Abbott-Smith 2 Strong's 3 LSJ 4 Dodson. Condensed by anthropic/claude-sonnet-5 on 2026-09-23 — it may still misstate what these say; check them yourself if it matters to you.
The lexicons it was drawn from, in full:
Abbott-Smith — the 1922 lexicon entry, in full
νῦν, adv.,
[in LXX chiefly for עַתָּה;]
G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, 1922 — public domain. References open in the reader.
Strong’s G3568 — the 1890 definition, and where the word comes from
Saidnoon
"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate
Froma primary particle of present time;
King Jameshenceforth, + hereafter, of late, soon, present, this (time).
James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, 1890 — public domain. The numbers in it link to the entries here.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — the classical dictionary this word appears in
(for νυν, νυ, see infr. II), adverb now, both of the present moment, and of the present time generally, οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν mortals of our day, Refs 8th c.BC+; so in Ionic dialect and Attic dialect, οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι] men of the present day, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν, Refs 5th c.BC+; Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν.Refs 5th c.BC+the present, LXX+5th c.BC+; μέχρι ν. (variant{μ. τοῦ ν}.) Refs 1st c.BC+; τὰ ν. simply, ={ν}., NT+5th c.BC+
2 of the immediate past, just now, but now, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Refs 8th c.BC+
3 of the future, presently, ν. αὖτ᾽ ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Refs 8th c.BC+; compare νῦν δή, νυνί.
4 sometimes opposed to to what might have been under other circumstances, as it is (or was), as the case stands (or stood), as a matter offact, ν. δ᾽ ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε Refs 8th c.BC+; καὶ ν. even so, Refs 5th c.BC+
5 coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε Refs 5th c.BC+; ν. δή, see entry : with other expressions of Time, ν... σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε, Refs 8th c.BC+; ν. ἤδη henceforth, Refs 5th c.BC+ (anapaest meter), etc.; ν... ἄρτι but now, Refs 5th c.BC+
II enclitic (but see below) νυν, νυ. [νυ only Epic dialect, Boeotian dialect, and Refs 4th c.AD+; νῠν twice in Refs 8th c.BC+; ῠ Refs 5th c.BC+, ῡ in Comedy texts Refs 5th c.BC+; both quantities in τοίνυν, which see]
II.1 rarely of Time, now, perhaps so used in Refs 8th c.BC+
II.2 in Epic dialect mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον Refs 8th c.BC+: frequently coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. Refs; ἐπεί νύ τοιRefs
II.3 in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ᾽ Refs come now !Refs 5th c.BC+; so in Boeotian dialect, ν. ἔνθω Refs 5th c.AD+
II.4 in questions, τίς ν.; τί ν.; who, what, why now? Refs 8th c.BC+; ἦ νυ..; Refs 8th c.BC+; oxytone when ={δή}, Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27; καθ᾽ ὁμαλισμόν or κατ᾽ ἔγκλισιν when=δή, Refs 5th c.BC+. In codices usually perispomenon in both senses, Refs 5th c.BC+; even νῠν is written νῦν in codices vett. Refs 5th c.BC+ passim, also in Refs 5th c.BC+; hence νυν may frequently be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of τοίνῡ?~Xν perhaps shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic.—Position: in signf. I νῦν can occupy any position; in signf. II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like{ἄν, δέ, γάρ}, etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός Refs 5th c.BC+; νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only δέ to precede.] (Cf. Sanskrit nú, n[umacracute], nūnám, ORefs 5th c.BC+ nū 'now', etc.)
H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1925–1940) — digitised by the Perseus Digital Library and corrected and expanded by Tyndale House, Cambridge, via STEPBible-Data's TFLSJ table, CC BY 4.0. Covers all of Greek literature, not just the Bible.
Translated as
Every occurrence, sorted by the English it was actually given — the evidence for what the word means, not a gloss of it.
Berean Standard Bible (BSB), dedicated to the public domain — berean.bible.
Where it appears
Every verse the word appears in, filed under the form it takes there.
145 occurrences, 100 of them printed here — the rest are in the reader
nun93×
Matthew 24:21… genatē apo archau kosmou heōs tou nun oude ouk mē geneteia.… the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.
Matthew 26:65… tinem ēti chreian echanō marturoiu? ide nun akouava tan blasfēmian;… we need any more witnesses? Look, now you have heard the blasphemy.
Matthew 27:42… dunotō sōzara; basilevos Israēl atō, katabainatar nun apo tou staurou kai pisteuani epi …… of Israel! Let Him come down now from the cross, and we will …
Matthew 27:43peithatē epi ton theon, ruetar nun ei thelatō auton; legata gar hoti …… in God. Let God deliver Him now if He wants Him. For He …
Mark 10:30“now”ean mē labateia hekatontaplasiōneim nun en to kairo houto oikiain kai …… fail to receive a hundredfold in the present age — houses and brothers and …
Mark 13:19… han ktizata tos theos heōs tou nun kai ouk mē geneteia.… the beginning of God’s creation until now, and never to be seen again.
Mark 15:32tos christos tos basilevos Israēl katabainatar nun apo tou staurou, hina horaneia kai …… the King of Israel, come down now from the cross, so that we …
Luke 1:48… doulau autou, idou gar apo tou nun makarizali min pantais tais geneais;… humble state of His servant. From now on all generations will call me …
Luke 5:10… tos Iēsus; Mē fobosōr; apo tou nun anthrōpoin esi zōgrarōntos.… afraid,” Jesus said to Simon. “From now on you will catch men.”
Luke 6:21makariois tois peinarōntois nun, hoti chortazivi. makariois tois klaiarōntois nun, …… filled. Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh.
Luke 6:21… nun, hoti chortazivi. makariois tois klaiarōntois nun, hoti gelavi.Blessed are you who hunger now, for you will be filled. Blessed …
Luke 6:25ouai vi, tois empimplēorēntoir nun, hoti peinavi. ouai, tois gelarōntoir nun, …… hunger. Woe to you who laugh now, for you will mourn and weep.
Luke 6:25… nun, hoti peinavi. ouai, tois gelarōntoir nun, hoti penthavi kai klaiavi.… to you who are well fed now, for you will hunger. Woe to …
Luke 12:52eli gar apo tou nun pente en heno oiko diamerizorēntois, treis …From now on, five in one household will …
Luke 16:25… su, kai Lazaros homoiōs teim kakoseim; nun de hōde parakalotō sis de odunosō.… while Lazarus received bad things. But now he is comforted here, while you …
Luke 19:42… houta kai sis teim pros eirēnan nun de kruptita apo ofthalmoiu su.… what would bring you peace! But now it is hidden from your eyes.
Luke 22:18… vi, ouk mē pinameia apo tou nun apo teu genēmeu tau ampelau heōs …… the fruit of the vine from now on until the kingdom of God …
Luke 22:36legata de autoi; Alla nun tos echarōntos ballantiem airatar, homoiōs kai …“Now, however,” He told them, “the one …
Luke 22:69apo tou nun de eti tos huios tou anthrōpou …But from now on the Son of Man will be …
John 2:8kai legatō autoi; Antlavar nun kai feravōr to architriklino; tois de …“Now draw some out,” He said, “and …
John 4:18pente gar androin echasa, kai nun hon echasō ouk atō su andros; …… five husbands, and the man you now have is not your husband. You …
John 4:23alla erchotō hōras kai nun atō, hote tois alēthinois proskunētois proskunali …… a time is coming and has now come when the true worshipers will …
John 5:25… legamō vi hoti erchotō hōras kai nun atō hote tois nekrois akouali tau …… the hour is coming and has now come when the dead will hear …
John 6:42“now”… ton patron kai tan mētēran? pōs nun legatō hoti Ek tou ouranou katabainamē?… Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How then can He say, ‘I have come down from heaven’ ?”
John 8:40nun de zētavō min apoktenara, anthrōpon hos …But now you are trying to kill Me …
John 9:21pōs de nun blepatō ouk oidanē, ē tinos anoigata …But how he can now see or who opened his eyes …
John 9:41“now”… tuflois ave, ouk an echave hamartan; nun de legavō hoti Blepanō; tas hamartas …“If you were blind,” Jesus replied, “you would not be guilty of sin. But since you claim you can see, your guilt …
John 11:8“just now”legalō auto tois mathētois; Rabbi, nun zētale sin lithazara tois Ioudaiois, kai …“Rabbi,” they replied, “the Jews just tried to stone You, and You are …
John 11:22kai nun oidamē hoti hoseim an aiteseia ton …But even now I know that God will give …
John 12:31nun krisias atō tou kosmou houtou, nun …Now judgment is upon this world; now …
John 12:31nun krisias atō tou kosmou houtou, nun tos archontos tou kosmou houtou ekbaliti …Now judgment is upon this world; now the prince of this world will …
John 13:36… Iēsus; Hopou hupagamō ouk dunosō mi nun akolouthara, akolouthasi de husterem.… am going, you cannot follow Me now, but you will follow later.”
John 14:29kai nun legamē vi prin genera, hina hotan …And now I have told you before it …
John 15:22… kai lalama autoi, hamartan ouk echale; nun de profasian ouk echalō peri tau …… would not be guilty of sin. Now, however, they have no excuse for …
John 15:24… oudenos allosos poiata, hamartan ouk echale; nun de kai horalē kai misalē kai …… not be guilty of sin; but now they have seen and hated both …
John 16:5nun de hupagamō pros ton pemparanton min …Now, however, I am going to Him …
John 16:22kai vis oun nun men lupan echavō; palin de horemi …So also you have sorrow now, but I will see you again …
John 16:29Legalō tois mathētois autou; Ide nun en parrēsia lalasō, kai paroimian oudenan …His disciples said, “See, now You are speaking plainly and without …
John 16:30nun oidanē hoti oidasē panteim kai ouk …Now we understand that You know all …
John 17:5kai nun doxazasar min sis, patror, para siauto …And now, Father, glorify Me in Your presence …
John 17:7nun gnōskalē hoti panteim hoseim dōasē mi …Now they know that everything You have …
John 17:13nun de pros sin erchomō, kai houteim …But now I am coming to You; and …
John 18:36… an, hina mē paradōimeia toi Ioudaioi; nun de tas basileias tas ēmas ouk …… My arrest by the Jews. But now My kingdom is not of this …
John 21:10… Feravar apo teiu opsarieiu heiu piazava nun.… some of the fish you have just caught.”
Acts 3:17Kai nun, adelfoir, oidamē hoti kata agnoian prassava, …And now, brothers, I know that you acted …
Acts 4:29kai teim nun, kurior, eforasar epi tain apeilain autoiu …And now, Lord, consider their threats, and enable …
Acts 5:38kai teim nun legamō vi, apostēavar apo toiu anthrōpoiu …So in the present case I advise you: Leave these men …
Acts 7:4… tan gēan houtan eis han vis nun katoikavō,… into this land where you are now living.
Acts 7:34… akouama, kai katabainama exairera autoin; kai nun deuro apostelameia sin eis Aiguptan.… have come down to deliver them. Now come, I will send you back …
Acts 7:52… peri tau eleusiau tou dikaiou hou nun vis prodotois kai fonevois geneva,… coming of the Righteous One. And now you are His betrayers and murderers —
Acts 10:5kai nun pempasar androin eis Ioppan kai metapempesar …Now send men to Joppa to call …
Acts 10:33… sin, sis tē kalōs poiasa paragenerantos. nun oun pantois nis enōpion tou theou …… you were kind enough to come. Now then, we are all here in …
Acts 13:11kai nun idou cheiras kuriou epi sin, kai …Now look, the hand of the Lord …
Acts 13:31… apo tau Galilaiau eis Ierousalēm, hotinois nun alō marturois autou pros ton laon.… from Galilee to Jerusalem. They are now His witnesses to our people.
Acts 15:10nun oun tinem peirazavō ton theon, epitithara …Now then, why do you test God …
Acts 16:36… hoti Apostelalē tois stratēgois hina apoluiveia; nun oun exercharantois poreuovōr en eirēna.… have sent orders to release you. Now you may go on your way …
Acts 16:37… Rōmaioin huparcharōntoin, balala eis fulakan; kai nun lathra nin ekbalalō? ouk gar, alla …… though we are Roman citizens. And now do they want to send us …
Acts 17:30… tau agnoiau huperorarantos tos theos teim nun parangelatō toi anthrōpoi pantoin pantachou metanoarō,… the ignorance of earlier times, He now commands all people everywhere to repent.
Acts 18:6… kefalan vu; katharos mis; apo tou nun eis teim ethneim poreuemi.… I am innocent of it. From now on I will go to the Gentiles.”
Acts 20:22kai nun idou dorēntos mis te pneume poreuomō …And now, compelled by the Spirit, I am …
Acts 20:25Kai nun idou mis oidamē hoti ouketi horevi …Now I know that none of you …
Acts 20:32kai teim nun paratithomō vin to theo kai to …And now I commit you to God and …
Acts 22:16kai nun tinem mellasō? anastēarantos baptizesar kai apolouesar …And now what are you waiting for? Get …
Acts 23:15nun oun vis emfanizavar to chiliarcho sun …Now then, you and the Sanhedrin petition …
Acts 23:21… pinara heōs hou anairaleia auton, kai nun alō hetoimois prosdechorōntois tan apo su …… have killed him; they are ready now, awaiting your consent.”
Acts 24:25“present”… emfobos generantos tos Fēlikos apokrinita; Tem nun echarōntem poreuosōr, kairon de metalabarantos metakalemi …… coming judgment, Felix became frightened and said, “You may go for now. When I find the time, I …
Acts 26:6kai nun epi elpida tau eis toin patroin …And now I stand on trial because of …
Acts 27:22kai teim nun parainamō vin euthumarō, apobolas gar psuchau …But now I urge you to keep up …
Romans 3:26… endeixian tau dikaiosunau autou en to nun kairo, eis tem arō auton dikaion …… to demonstrate His righteousness at the present time, so as to be just …
Romans 5:9polle oun mallon dikaiirantois nun en te haime autou sōzini dia …Therefore, since we have now been justified by His blood, how …
Romans 5:11… kuriou nu Iēsu Christou, dia hou nun tan katallagan labana.… Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.
Romans 6:19… ta anomia eis tan anomian, houtōs nun parastēavar teim meleim vu douleim ta …… impurity and to escalating wickedness, so now offer them in slavery to righteousness …
Romans 6:21… oun karpon echave tote epi hei nun epaischunovō? tem gar telem ekeinoiu thanatos;… the things of which you are now ashamed? The outcome of those things …
Romans 8:1Oudenem ara nun katakrimem toi en Christo Iēso;Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are …
Romans 8:18… hoti ouk axieim teim pathēmeim tou nun kairou pros tan mellarōntan doxan apokaluptira …I consider that our present sufferings are not comparable to the …
Romans 8:22“now”… ktisias sustenazatō kai sunōdinatō achri tou nun;… the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until the present time.
Romans 11:5houtōs oun kai en to nun kairo leimmem kata eklogan charitau genatē;In the same way, at the present time there is a remnant chosen …
Romans 11:30… gar vis pote apeithava to theo, nun de elēiva ta houtoiu apeitheia,… you who formerly disobeyed God have now received mercy through their disobedience,
Romans 11:31houtōs kai houtois nun apeithala te humetere elese hina kai …… in order that they too may now receive mercy through the mercy shown …
Romans 11:31… te humetere elese hina kai autois nun elēileia;so they too have now disobeyed, in order that they too …
Romans 13:11… hōras ēdē vin ek hupnou egerira, nun gar enguteron nu tas sōtērēas ē …… slumber, for our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed.
1 Corinthians 3:2“now”… oupō gar dunove. alla oude ēti nun dunovō,… you were not yet ready for solid food. In fact, you are still not ready,
1 Corinthians 5:11nun de grafama vi mē sunanamigorō ean …But now I am writing you not to …
1 Corinthians 7:14… ara teim tekneim vu akatharteim atō, nun de hagieim atō.… your children would be unclean, but now they are holy.
1 Corinthians 12:20“now”nun de polleim men meleim, henem de …… there are many parts, but one body.
1 Corinthians 16:12… kai pantōs ouk ate thelēmem hina nun erchateia, ercheti de hotan eukairateia.… not at all inclined to go now, but he will go when he …
2 Corinthians 5:16Hōste nis apo tou nun oudenon oidanē kata sarkan; ei kai …So from now on we regard no one according to …
2 Corinthians 5:16… kai gnōskanē kata sarkan Christon, alla nun ouketi gnōskanō.So from now on we regard no one according …
2 Corinthians 6:2… en hēmera sōtērēau boēthama si; idou nun kairos euprosdektos, idou nun hēmeras sōtērēau;… of salvation I helped you.” Behold, now is the time of favor; now …
2 Corinthians 6:2… si; idou nun kairos euprosdektos, idou nun hēmeras sōtērēau;… now is the time of favor; now is the day of salvation!
2 Corinthians 7:9nun chairamō, ouk hoti lupiva, alla hoti …yet now I rejoice, not because you were …
2 Corinthians 8:14en to nun kairo tem vu perisseumem eis tem …At the present time, your surplus will meet their …
2 Corinthians 13:2… hōs pareiarōntos tem deuterem kai apeiarōntos nun, toi proamartanarēntoi kai toi loipoi pantoi, …… time I was with you. So now in my absence I warn those …
Nun7×
Luke 2:29Nun apoluasō ton doulon su, despotor, kata …… Lord, as You have promised, You now dismiss Your servant in peace.
Luke 11:39legata de tos kurios pros auton; Nun vis tois Farisaiois tem exōthen teu …Then the Lord said, “Now you Pharisees clean the outside of …
John 8:52legala auto tois Ioudaiois; Nun gnōskanē hoti daimonem echasō. Abraam apothnēskata …“Now we know that You have a …
John 12:27Nun tas psuchas mu tarassotē, kai tinem …Now My soul is troubled, and what …
John 13:31Hote oun exerchata legatō Iēsus; Nun doxazita tos huios tou anthrōpou, kai …… Judas had gone out, Jesus said, “Now the Son of Man is glorified …
Acts 12:11… tos Petros en heauto generantos legata; Nun oidamē alēthōs hoti exapostelata tos kurios …… Peter came to himself and said, “Now I know for sure that the …
1 Corinthians 14:6Nun de, adelfoir, ean erchameia pros vin …Now, brothers, if I come to you …